Minorities at Risk Organizational Behavior (MAROB) Middle East, 1980-2004 (doi:10.7910/DVN/STGELW)

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Part 1: Document Description
Part 2: Study Description
Part 3: Data Files Description
Part 4: Variable Description
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Document Description

Citation

Title:

Minorities at Risk Organizational Behavior (MAROB) Middle East, 1980-2004

Identification Number:

doi:10.7910/DVN/STGELW

Distributor:

Harvard Dataverse

Date of Distribution:

2011-06-14

Version:

1

Bibliographic Citation:

Jonathan Wilkenfeld; Victor Asal; Amy Pate, 2011, "Minorities at Risk Organizational Behavior (MAROB) Middle East, 1980-2004", https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/STGELW, Harvard Dataverse, V1, UNF:5:qvN7+gsRsnFRvZpkEupM1A== [fileUNF]

Study Description

Citation

Title:

Minorities at Risk Organizational Behavior (MAROB) Middle East, 1980-2004

Identification Number:

doi:10.7910/DVN/STGELW

Authoring Entity:

Jonathan Wilkenfeld (Center for International Developenment and Conflict Management (CIDCM), University of Maryland, Department of Government and Politics)

Victor Asal (University at Albany, State University of New York. Rockefeller College of Public Affairs & Policy. Associate Professor of Political Science.)

Amy Pate (Center for International Developenment and Conflict Management (CIDCM), University of Maryland, Department of Government and Politics)

Producer:

Center for International Developenment and Conflict Management (CIDCM), University of Maryland, Department of Government and Politics

Date of Production:

2008

Grant Number:

N000140510629

Grant Number:

2008ST061ST004

Grant Number:

FA95500610405

Grant Number:

SES0718957

Distributor:

Harvard Dataverse

Distributor:

Center for International Developenment and Conflict Management (CIDCM), University of Maryland, Department of Government and Politics

Date of Deposit:

2011-05-19

Date of Distribution:

2008

Holdings Information:

https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/STGELW

Study Scope

Keywords:

ethnopolitical conflict, democracy, elections, extremist, minorities

Topic Classification:

conflict

Abstract:

The Minorities at Risk Organizational Behavior (MAROB) dataset is a subsidiary of the Minorities at Risk (MAR) Project. The purpose of this project is to answer fundamental questions focusing on the identification of those factors that motivate some members of ethnic minorities to become radicalized, to form activist organizations, and to move from conventional means of politics and protest into violence and terrorism. Focusing initially on the Middle East and North Africa, the MAROB project provides information on the characteristics of those ethnopolitical organizations most likely to employ violence and terrorism in the pursuit of their perceived grievances with local, national, or international authority structures. The project has identif ied 118 organizations representing the interests of all 22 ethnopolitical groups in 16 countries of the Middle East and North Africa, operating between 1980 and 2004.

Time Period:

1980-01-2004-12

Date of Collection:

2005-05-2007-06

Geographic Coverage:

Algeria, Bahrain, Cyprus, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, Middle East

Geographic Unit(s):

country

Unit of Analysis:

Ethnic organization within a country during a given year.

Universe:

All known activist organizations in the Middle East which fit the description of risk for violence that are associated with an ethnic group identified as a minority within a given country.

Kind of Data:

Census/enumeration data

Notes:

Subject: Study Level Error Note, Notes: There is a 3 year life span requirement which will prevent all new/emerging groups from being included.;

Methodology and Processing

Sampling Procedure:

The project developed a set of criteria for the inclusion of organizations into the MAROB dataset. These are as follows: 1) the organization makes explicit claims to represent the interests of one or more ethnic groups and/or the organization’s members are primarily members of a specific ethnic minority, 2) the organization is political in its goals and activities, 3) the organization is active at a regional and/or national level, 4) the organization was not created by a government, 5) the organization is active for at least three consecutive years between 1980 and 2006, 6) umbrella organizations (coalitions/alliances) are NOT coded. Instead, member organizations are coded. Organizations were selected on the basis of their basic longevity. This was operationalized in the following manner: The first year that an organization is mentioned in a source as being active, it is put on a “watchlist” for potential inclusion. Once the organization is mentioned in sources for three consecutive years, it is included in the dataset, coded from the first year of the three consecutive years. If an organization included in the dataset disappears from source material for five consecutive years, it is no longer coded for following years. If after that time, it is again mentioned for three consecutive years, it is again included but as a separate organization.

Mode of Data Collection:

record abstracts

Sources Statement

Data Access

Notes:

<a href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0">CC0 1.0</a>

Other Study Description Materials

Related Publications

Citation

Title:

Asal, V., Carter, J., & Wilkenfeld, J. (2008). Ethnopolitical violence and terrorism in the middle east. In J. J. Hewitt, J. Wilkenfeld, & T. R. Gurr (Eds.), Peace and Conflict 2008 (pp. 55-66). Boulder, CO: Paradigm.

Bibliographic Citation:

Asal, V., Carter, J., & Wilkenfeld, J. (2008). Ethnopolitical violence and terrorism in the middle east. In J. J. Hewitt, J. Wilkenfeld, & T. R. Gurr (Eds.), Peace and Conflict 2008 (pp. 55-66). Boulder, CO: Paradigm.

File Description--f2298935

File: MAROB_ME_Data.tab

  • Number of cases: 1789

  • No. of variables per record: 176

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:5:qvN7+gsRsnFRvZpkEupM1A==

Variable Description

List of Variables:
  • orgId - Organizational case identifier
  • orgname - Name of organization
  • orgAbbrev - Abbreviation commonly used for the organizations name
  • numcode - Ethnic group case identifier, country code+group id
  • VMAR_Group - Full name of MAR ethnic group the organization represents
  • ccode - Country ID number
  • country - Country in which the organization resides
  • VMAR_Region - Minorities project region id
  • orgFounded - Year organization was founded
  • year - Year of the observation
  • ORGSPLIT - Did the organization split this year?
  • ORGLOC - Location of organization
  • ORGOPEN - Is organization open?
  • ORGLEGAL - Is organization legal?
  • ORGMILITANT - Is organization militant?
  • LEAD - Type of leadership for organization
  • ORGPOP - Popularity of organization
  • ORGPOLGR - Dominant political grievance of the organization
  • ORGPOLGRDES - Text description of ORGPOLGR other category
  • ORGECGR - Dominant economic grievance of the organization
  • ORGCULTGR - Dominant cultural grievance of the organization
  • RELORG - Does the organization advocate policies that incorporate religion into public life?
  • LEFTORG - Does the organization advocate policies to redistribute wealth (e.g., extensive welfare policies, state control of major industries)?
  • RIGHTORG - Does the organization advocate free market policies OR policies that favor traditional economic elites (e.g., landowners)?
  • NATORG - Nationalist�claims to autonomy or independence
  • ETHORG - Ethnicity � ethnic community but no claims to autonomy or independence
  • GENDEXC - Does organization advocate the exclusion of women from public life?
  • GENDINC - Does organization advocate the inclusion of women in public life?
  • AUTHORG - Does organization advocate authoritarian forms of government?
  • DEMORG - Does organization advocate democratic forms of government?
  • SUPREMACIST - Does organization advocate inherent superiority of racial/ethnic group and advocate for exclusive political power by that group?
  • ENVORG - Does the organization advocate environmentally sustainable policies?
  • OTHERORG - Other ideologies
  • OTHERORGDES - Text description of other ideologies
  • STORGREPRESS - How does the state treat the organization?
  • STATEVIOLENCE - Does the state use violence against the organization?
  • ORGSUCCESS - To what degree has the organization succeeded in obtaining government agreement in the year being coded (code is based on agreement not implementation)?
  • ORGSUCIMPL - To what degree has the government implemented agreements with the organization in the year being coded?
  • ORGIMPL - To what degree has the organization implemented agreements with the state in the year being coded?
  • DIASUP - Has org. received support from Diaspora in year being coded?
  • DIAFINSUP - Did Diaspora provide non-military financial support?
  • DIAHUMSUP - Did Diaspora provide humanitarian support?
  • DIAPOLSUP - Did Diaspora provide political support?
  • DIANVMILSUP - Did Diaspora provide non-violent military support?
  • DIAVMILSUP - Did Diaspora provide violent military support?
  • FORSTSUP - Has org. received support from foreign state in year being coded?
  • FORSTFINSUP - Did foreign state provide non-military financial support?
  • FORSTHUMSUP - Did foreign state provide humanitarian support?
  • FORSTPOLSUP - Did foreign state provide political support?
  • FORSTNVMILSUP - Did foreign state provide non-violent military support?
  • FORSTVMILSUP - Did foreign state provide violent military support?
  • IGOSUP - Has org. received support from international governmental organization in year being coded?
  • IGOFINSUP - Did international government organization provide non-military financial support?
  • IGOHUMSUP - Did international government organization provide humanitarian support?
  • IGOPOLSUP - Did international government organization provide political support?
  • IGONVMILSUP - Did international government organization provide non-violent military support?
  • IGOVMILSUP - Did international government organization provide violent military support?
  • INGOSUP - Has org. received support from international non-governmental organization in year being coded?
  • INGOFINSUP - Did international non-governmental organization provide non-military financial support?
  • INGOHUMSUP - Did international non-governmental organization provide humanitarian support?
  • INGOPOLSUP - Did international non-governmental organization provide political support?
  • INGONVMILSUP - Did international non-governmental organization provide non-violent military support?
  • INGOVMILSUP - Did international non-governmental organization provide violent military support?
  • ORGST1 - Org Activities: education & propaganda
  • ORGST2 - Org Activities: representing interests to officials
  • ORGST3 - Org Activities: Electoral politics
  • ORGST4 - Org Activities: Soliciting external support
  • ORGST5 - Org Activities: Non-coercive collection of local support
  • ORGST6 - Org Activities: Forcefully securing local support
  • ORGST7 - Org 1 Activities: attacks on civilians (terrorist activities)
  • ORGST8 - Org 1 Activities: Insurgency
  • ORGST8A - Cross-border insurgency
  • ORGST8B - Cross-border insurgency alliance
  • ORGST9 - Org Activities: administering rebel areas
  • ORGST10 - Org Activities: ethnic cleansing or genocide
  • ORGST11 - Org Activities: coalition building
  • ORGST12 - Org Activities: provision of social services
  • ORGLOCMOB - Where is the organization active nonviolently?
  • DOMORGPROT - Highest level of DOMESTIC protest in the year being coded
  • TRANSPROTARG - Highest level of protest of TRANSNATIONAL target occurring WITHIN the country of minority group the organization represents
  • TRANSPROTLOC - Highest level of protest of occurring OUTSIDE country of minority group the organization represents
  • VIOLRHETDOM - Highest level of violence targeting DOMESTIC entities justified in public statements by organizational leaders
  • VIOLRHETRANS - Highest level of violence targeting TRANSNATIONAL entities justified in public statements by organizational leaders
  • ORGKILL - The number of people killed by the organization per year according to Maryland and Rand data
  • ORINCID - The number of violent incidents by the organization per year according to Maryland and Rand data
  • MILITIAFORM - Does organization have a military wing?
  • ORGLOCVIOL - Where is the organization using violence as a strategy?
  • ORGREB - Is organization engaged in violence toward state authorities?
  • INTRAORGCON - Was there open intra-organizational conflict within the minority group organization?
  • INTRASEV1 - Severity of conflict with highest level of intra-organizational conflict
  • INTRASEV1DES - Name of faction with highest level of intra-organizational conflict
  • INTRASEV2 - Severity of conflict with second-highest level of intra-organizational conflict
  • INTRASEV2DES - Name of faction with second-highest level of intra-organizational conflict
  • INTRASEV3 - Severity of conflict with third-highest level of intra-organizational conflict
  • INTRASEV3DES - Name of faction with third-highest level of intra-organizational conflict
  • INTERORGCON - Was there inter- organizational conflict?
  • INTERSEV1 - Severity of conflict with highest level of inter-organizational conflict
  • INTERSEV1DES - Name of organization with highest level of inter-organizational conflict
  • INTERSEV2 - Severity of conflict with second-highest level of inter-organizational conflict
  • INTERSEV2DES - Name of organization with second-highest level of inter-organizational conflict
  • INTERSEV3 - Severity of conflict with third-highest level of inter-organizational conflict
  • INTERSEV3DES - Name of organization with third-highest level of inter-organizational conflict
  • DOMORGVIOLENCE - To what degree is the organization using violence DOMESTICALLY as a strategy?
  • DCIVINFRA - Domestic; Civilian infrastructure
  • DGENCIV - Domestic: Civilian lives
  • DETHCIV - Domestic: Targets chosen are based on ethnicity/ascriptive feature(s) of individuals
  • DCOMCIV - Domestic: Civilian commercial lives
  • DRELIGCIV - Domestic: Civilian religious lives
  • DGOVINFRA - Domestic: Government/state infrastructure, security and non-security
  • DNSECGOV - Domestic: Government/state lives, non-security
  • DSECGOV - Domestic: Government/state lives, security
  • TRANSVIOLTARG - To what degree is the organization using violence to target TRANSNATIONAL entities as a strategy?
  • TTCIVINFRA - Transnational within: Civilian infrastructure
  • TTGENCIV - Transnational within: Civilian lives
  • TTETHCIV - Transnational within: Targets chosen are based on ethnicity/ascriptive feature(s) of individuals
  • TTCOMCIV - Transnational within: Civilian commercial lives
  • TTRELIGCIV - Transnational within: Civilian religious lives
  • TTGOVINFRA - Transnational within: Government/state infrastructure, security and non-security
  • TTNSECGOV - Transnational within: Government/state lives, non-security
  • TTSECGOV - Transnational within: Government/state lives, security
  • TRANSVIOLOC - To what degree is the organization using violence TRANSNATIONALLY, outside the boundaries of the state in which the group lives?
  • TLCIVINFRA - Transnational outside: Civilian infrastructure
  • TLGENCIV - Transnational outside: Civilian lives
  • TLETHCIV - Transnational outside: Targets chosen are based on ethnicity/ascriptive feature(s) of individuals
  • TLCOMCIV - Transnational outside: Civilian commercial lives
  • TLRELIGCIV - Transnational outside: Civilian religious lives
  • TLGOVINFRA - Transnational outside: Government/state infrastructure, security and non-security
  • TLNSECGOV - Transnational outside: Government/state lives, non-security
  • TLSECGOV - Transnational outside: Government/state lives, security
  • ARMATTACK - Armed Attack
  • ARSON - Arson
  • ASSASSIN - Assassination
  • HOSTAGE - Hostage-taking
  • BOMB - Bombing
  • HIJACK - Hijacking
  • KIDNAP - Kidnapping
  • SUICIDE - Suicide Attack
  • CBRN - Chemical, Biological, Radiological or Nuclear Weapons Attack
  • OTHERVIOL - Other form of violence
  • OTHERVIOLDES - Text description of other violent repertoire
  • CBRNORD - Did the organization use or threaten to use chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear weapons during the year being coded?
  • CRIME - Does the organization participate in criminal activity (other than political violence)?
  • MONEYLAUN - Money transfers or laundering
  • ARMS - Arms trafficking
  • DRUG - Drug production or trafficking
  • HUMAN - All forms of human trafficking, including prostitution
  • SEXT - Human trafficking involving the sex trade only
  • SMUGGLE - Smuggling of consumer goods
  • ROBBERY - Theft of private or commercial property and funds
  • RESOURCE - Expropriation and marketing of scarce resources (gemstones, tropical hardwoods, etc.)
  • KIDNAPCRIM - Kidnappings for ransom
  • CRIOFFICIAL - Do state officials and security personnel illicitly participate in, or cooperate with, the organizations criminal activity?
  • CRILOCOFF - Local officials
  • CRIPOLICE - Police
  • CRIMILITARY - Military
  • CRIBORDER - Border officials and guards
  • CRIOTHER - Other
  • CRIOTHERDES - Text specification of other
  • DOMCRIMNET - Has the organization established cooperative relations with domestic criminal networks?
  • DOMNETETH - Domestic: Ethnic or ethnonational identity
  • DOMNETETHDES - Domestic: Text specification of ethnic or ethnonational identity
  • DOMNETRELIG - Domestic: Religion
  • DOMNETRELIGDES - Domestic: Text specification of religion
  • DOMNETIDEO - Domestic: Political ideology
  • DOMNETIDEODES - Domestic: Text specification of political ideology
  • DOMNETOTHER - Domestic: Other
  • DOMNETOTHERDES - Domestic: Text specification of other
  • TRANSCRIMNET - Has the organization established cooperative relations with transnational criminal networks?
  • TRANSNETETH - Transnational: Ethnic or ethnonational identity
  • TRANSNETETHDES - Transnational: Text specification of ethnic or ethnonational identity
  • TRANSNETRELIG - Transnational: Religion
  • TRANSNETRELIGDES - Transnational: Text specification of religion
  • TRANSNETIDEO - Transnational: Political ideology
  • TRANSNETIDEODES - Transnational: Text specification of political ideology
  • TRANSNETOTHER - Transnational: Other
  • TRANSNETOTHERDES - Transnational: Text specification of other

Variables

Organizational case identifier

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:cPb7WgTAKjZpdAzjXZhEfA==

Name of organization

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:5:Os2A51qXzsb4wMzHmi/xUw==

Abbreviation commonly used for the organizations name

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:5:9Pwrp2o03NCRNnly4rwTUw==

Ethnic group case identifier, country code+group id

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:mCMmCHLy/7CZhiJ08PZyPw==

Full name of MAR ethnic group the organization represents

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:5:4UkN+G5g6U3iyHGooWLe4g==

Country ID number

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:IAEN+3IFE8qNI4BE1pGPZg==

Country in which the organization resides

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:5:etU4AR0ZUVyV3HItVO/omA==

Minorities project region id

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:5:QEfOzRf4r3efSCGZ7kTuJg==

Year organization was founded

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:5JiQvaujNvR0//TNvr+zYg==

Year of the observation

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:e8q1Kqyh1Zg1K+5y9lV81Q==

Did the organization split this year?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

-99.

unclear

6

1.

Split

52

0.

No split

1731

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:lk+xfChM7qtlzzRV33AeAw==

Location of organization

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

3.

based outside the country in which the group lives

82

1.

based within the country in which the group lives

809

2.

org has both internal and external bases

886

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:DNEvZ8PohLsGYicwAKEFXQ==

Is organization open?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

1299

0.

No (clandestine)

455

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:wXELMBfQ7w9/yuTGvbb5Sw==

Is organization legal?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No (illegal)

741

1.

Yes

1034

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:QW0UDjp3M+sxYx5vn4+elA==

Is organization militant?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

1125

0.

No (nonviolent)

653

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:i7cOHeVeCiifZG/ODbUUcA==

Type of leadership for organization

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Factionalized/competing leaders

61

2.

Weak or decentralized leadership

195

3.

Strong ruling council

853

4.

Strong single leader

483

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:YB+OGkjNpGDdqIqFvy2eaw==

Popularity of organization

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

3.

Dominant organization

211

1.

Fringe- no evidence of support from group

163

2.

One of several organizations with support from group

1376

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:Sh+jbd7XjcNkHE1kMXHZQA==

Dominant political grievance of the organization

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

3.

major organizational goals focused on creating or strengthening autonomous status for group

297

1.

major organizational goals focused on eliminating discrimination

341

4.

major organizational goals focused on creating a separate state for the group or revanchist change in border of state

333

2.

major organizational goals focused on creating or increasing remedial policies

58

-88.

Other

746

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:oiQO73Ax3ZIhTQh7JdsN9Q==

Text description of ORGPOLGR other category

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:5:rZhVGawKY2I4jCIGnTCsbA==

Dominant economic grievance of the organization

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

economic grievances focused on eliminating of discrimination

122

2.

economic grievances focused on creating or strengthening economic remedial policies

167

0.

no expressed economic grievances

1477

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:P6ACKZF84RSMjdQEvOURyg==

Dominant cultural grievance of the organization

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

no expressed cultural grievances

1221

2.

cultural grievances focused on creating or strengthening cultural remedial policies

437

1.

cultural grievances focused on eliminating of discrimination

131

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:gBB6xOs9NHwZSc4g8UjlNQ==

Does the organization advocate policies that incorporate religion into public life?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

418

0.

No

1371

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:iTBht4YmIq7IEVYUN2AB3A==

Does the organization advocate policies to redistribute wealth (e.g., extensive welfare policies, state control of major industries)?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

555

0.

No

1209

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:Tof3G1Xxmft5WoiS+bWvtw==

Does the organization advocate free market policies OR policies that favor traditional economic elites (e.g., landowners)?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

133

0.

No

1656

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:3nV6n6a409TWIW3aiHFh0w==

Nationalist�claims to autonomy or independence

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1122

1.

Yes

642

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:LWRx2RmddmENO5gIR1IJnA==

Ethnicity � ethnic community but no claims to autonomy or independence

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

1054

0.

No

710

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:ydlHn4kc708Wj1jc1VvQDw==

Does organization advocate the exclusion of women from public life?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1735

1.

Yes

54

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:IFR+VO6MtgDmTY3uQb5Evg==

Does organization advocate the inclusion of women in public life?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1411

1.

Yes

378

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:AQrgxExFrmmrN0hgheZnmw==

Does organization advocate authoritarian forms of government?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

122

0.

No

1636

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:Wl2Nu1B8Fu54BGXgfO3UCA==

Does organization advocate democratic forms of government?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

791

1.

Yes

917

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:CxsWWhAJow2/Gm0pYkt0HQ==

Does organization advocate inherent superiority of racial/ethnic group and advocate for exclusive political power by that group?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1789

1.

Yes

0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:vlXq7rZJTA2d3i2sdmO24A==

Does the organization advocate environmentally sustainable policies?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1789

1.

Yes

0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:vlXq7rZJTA2d3i2sdmO24A==

Other ideologies

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1789

1.

Yes

0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:vlXq7rZJTA2d3i2sdmO24A==

Text description of other ideologies

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:4agoUmUaOPFE4uvdUfhAFQ==

How does the state treat the organization?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Organization is legal

888

4.

Organization is illegal and is subjected to periodic repression

271

2.

Organization legal but subjected to periodic repression by the state

149

5.

Organization is illegal and is targeted for ongoing repression by the state

69

3.

Organization is illegal but tolerated

374

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:ojq+anojMOliATgDFjaruA==

Does the state use violence against the organization?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

State is not using lethal violence against the organization

1516

2.

State is using periodic lethal violence against the organization

173

3.

State is using consistent lethal violence against the organization

62

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:BpyteprylrD9QYWFmJl5Dw==

To what degree has the organization succeeded in obtaining government agreement in the year being coded (code is based on agreement not implementation)?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

3.

State has conceded to the organization its primary goal in current year

3

1.

State has negotiated with the organization in this year

109

2.

State has made some concessions to the organization but not to its primary goal in this year

36

0.

No negotiation with government sought

1599

4.

State has conceded to the organization its primary goal in a previous year

2

-1.

State refuses to negotiate with the organization

37

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:YEEyRtXcM9X3Jy7uon7GTQ==

To what degree has the government implemented agreements with the organization in the year being coded?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

State has not come to agreement with organization

1703

2.

State has reached agreement but has not begun implementation

13

4.

State has implemented agreement intermittently in previous years and is continuing in this pattern

18

5.

State has implemented agreement in previous years and is continuing to do so

22

3.

State has started to implement agreement this year

31

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:3oFINGMjnwzKK3F93hcXzw==

To what degree has the organization implemented agreements with the state in the year being coded?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

4.

Organization has implemented agreement intermittently in previous years and is continuing in this pattern

19

2.

Organization has reached agreement but has not begun implementation

12

3.

Organization has started to implement agreement this year

29

5.

Organization has implemented agreement in previous years and is continuing to do so

24

1.

Organization has not come to agreement with state

1703

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:LkBeN6FKJGtSDjPCt6ifmA==

Has org. received support from Diaspora in year being coded?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1648

1.

Yes

107

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:ht8/KcCly0L7nEedveTudQ==

Did Diaspora provide non-military financial support?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1677

1.

Yes

59

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:GiiVXzdGfDARbu1Xu2iRXg==

Did Diaspora provide humanitarian support?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

1

0.

No

1764

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:czZB+CUeJep5iWer+a4FSQ==

Did Diaspora provide political support?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

14

0.

No

1756

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:xL+ZFWj5u22DoBLyPCX6Vg==

Did Diaspora provide non-violent military support?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

39

0.

No

1736

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:QyF1O1s/1lWZhW7uKbtHGw==

Did Diaspora provide violent military support?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1786

1.

Yes

3

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:U9KnKb50eGDRei0nuehwQA==

Has org. received support from foreign state in year being coded?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

586

0.

No

986

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:V3DkYbNlX1fx7F3f87HINw==

Did foreign state provide non-military financial support?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

471

0.

No

1096

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:490tCvaxvUXcSYxdJ8DHOQ==

Did foreign state provide humanitarian support?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

13

0.

No

1774

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:nh9kyzcfyY2kXQYJfqWxnw==

Did foreign state provide political support?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

102

0.

No

1623

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:5o3wwakKA6VJG7PSJO3aJw==

Did foreign state provide non-violent military support?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

302

0.

No

1325

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:NcY73UIS0mgyQhkJ8Rdg9Q==

Did foreign state provide violent military support?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

58

0.

No

1705

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:74jVyLeCrOLxul4SHF+K+g==

Has org. received support from international governmental organization in year being coded?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

214

0.

No

1574

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:LEuidd1XW+Jaf5d366/vgw==

Did international government organization provide non-military financial support?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1753

1.

Yes

36

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:BmNsi/Zyvsb3eoSPCcR9yg==

Did international government organization provide humanitarian support?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1752

1.

Yes

37

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:d/ClsBTqH1O9ZOMSbkLR4w==

Did international government organization provide political support?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

218

0.

No

1570

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:P3aw4obUrNG7RGT8dUVv9Q==

Did international government organization provide non-violent military support?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1789

1.

Yes

0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:vlXq7rZJTA2d3i2sdmO24A==

Did international government organization provide violent military support?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1789

1.

Yes

0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:vlXq7rZJTA2d3i2sdmO24A==

Has org. received support from international non-governmental organization in year being coded?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1650

1.

Yes

122

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:tLZ4FW0OYu30ZRHdCkCG5A==

Did international non-governmental organization provide non-military financial support?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1774

1.

Yes

15

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:+pvhkRp8ah0bVWuCFrmg4w==

Did international non-governmental organization provide humanitarian support?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1727

1.

Yes

52

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:jnLzgJFjhsDmsvNXwjmmHg==

Did international non-governmental organization provide political support?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

40

0.

No

1749

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:yXip7LqU+DAivEja5dJ0Pg==

Did international non-governmental organization provide non-violent military support?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

19

0.

No

1753

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:JHXKotcMuqtpU1cquSL5Mw==

Did international non-governmental organization provide violent military support?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1781

1.

Yes

7

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:dwj1d1qmRrw3Y4XtLxr+/Q==

Org Activities: education & propaganda

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

Not used as a strategy

452

1.

Minor/Infrequent strategy

413

2.

Major/Frequent strategy

871

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:rIohBTiNnIFVqDpc5WOtWg==

Org Activities: representing interests to officials

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Minor/Infrequent strategy

161

2.

Major/Frequent strategy

339

0.

Not used as a strategy

1282

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:9k39gE3lr5irC3kMUOL5iQ==

Org Activities: Electoral politics

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Minor/Infrequent strategy

401

2.

Major/Frequent strategy

210

0.

Not used as a strategy

1178

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:oVoToIc9kCHh03L1pJuO0Q==

Org Activities: Soliciting external support

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Minor/Infrequent strategy

579

0.

Not used as a strategy

716

2.

Major/Frequent strategy

458

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:4P0s3MR/b5pOPhgekYK+eQ==

Org Activities: Non-coercive collection of local support

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

2.

Major/Frequent strategy

56

1.

Minor/Infrequent strategy

192

0.

Not used as a strategy

1506

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:DAzbkA0Y9LtZzXd/+tRu6w==

Org Activities: Forcefully securing local support

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

2.

Major/Frequent strategy

21

1.

Minor/Infrequent strategy

30

0.

Not used as a strategy

1720

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:+iNyrWa1LimQSa3+P1fcqA==

Org 1 Activities: attacks on civilians (terrorist activities)

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Minor/Infrequent strategy

189

2.

Major/Frequent strategy

48

0.

Not used as a strategy

1543

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:5ZB6FACTsbrG75WYVs7CYw==

Org 1 Activities: Insurgency

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

2.

Major/Frequent strategy

104

1.

Minor/Infrequent strategy

78

0.

Not used as a strategy

1591

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:tDwT8FqCna5+augrxbGv1w==

Cross-border insurgency

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

2.

Major/Frequent

0

0.

Not used as a strategy

1713

1.

Minor/Infrequent

66

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:jXxGVmkXvjnVtXP76zlijw==

Cross-border insurgency alliance

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

Never

1779

1.

Minor/Infrequent

3

2.

Major/Frequent

0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:6Kd5CZxNRHaC1iBmt+yr3A==

Org Activities: administering rebel areas

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

Not used as a strategy

1493

2.

Major/Frequent strategy

105

1.

Minor/Infrequent strategy

168

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:8ajeFkwoA7NBZCQlTdwn0Q==

Org Activities: ethnic cleansing or genocide

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

2.

Major/Frequent strategy

5

1.

Minor/Infrequent strategy

4

0.

Not used as a strategy

1780

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:3+QPANKH9V/x2MHct16uUQ==

Org Activities: coalition building

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

Not used as a strategy

860

1.

Minor/Infrequent strategy

364

2.

Major/Frequent strategy

524

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:9XikMKXUb8/FpYrPW3kLrg==

Org Activities: provision of social services

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

Not used as a strategy

1374

2.

Major/Frequent strategy

178

1.

Minor/Infrequent strategy

155

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:t8MQ3974B6BFcp/TBQZqag==

Where is the organization active nonviolently?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

3.

organizational nonviolent activity primarily internationally

268

2.

organizational nonviolent activity domestically and internationally

580

0.

the organization is only using violence as a strategy

152

1.

organizational nonviolent activity primarily domestically

776

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:zY45xfMOw3GDguOLR+lc5g==

Highest level of DOMESTIC protest in the year being coded

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

5.

Large Demonstrations

24

3.

Small Demonstrations

95

2.

Symbolic Resistance

48

0.

None reported

1449

1.

Verbal Opposition

123

4.

Medium Demonstrations

49

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:dj2Mbaz2vrzHFQsEowp9OA==

Highest level of protest of TRANSNATIONAL target occurring WITHIN the country of minority group the organization represents

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

None reported

1545

2.

Symbolic Resistance

21

4.

Medium Demonstrations

27

5.

Large Demonstrations

17

3.

Small Demonstrations

39

1.

Verbal Opposition

139

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:gwWi/hWvaNqnTeaI7EOOMg==

Highest level of protest of occurring OUTSIDE country of minority group the organization represents

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

2.

Symbolic Resistance

9

5.

Large Demonstrations

6

3.

Small Demonstrations

39

1.

Verbal Opposition

133

4.

Medium Demonstrations

9

0.

None reported

1593

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:PsVPNIGmK+zGTmgzOnynqQ==

Highest level of violence targeting DOMESTIC entities justified in public statements by organizational leaders

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

leaders do not justify violence

1644

2.

leaders justify violence targeting security personnel

53

3.

leaders justify violence targeting security personnel and/or government non-security personnel

22

1.

leaders justify violence targeting infrastructure, not persons

2

4.

leaders justify violence targeting civilians in addition to security personnel or government non-security personnel

54

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:XJw2BEUlSfj/hKQT7bICGw==

Highest level of violence targeting TRANSNATIONAL entities justified in public statements by organizational leaders

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

4.

leaders justify violence targeting civilians in addition to security personnel or government non-security personnel

30

2.

leaders justify violence targeting security personnel

40

0.

leaders do not justify violence

1691

3.

leaders justify violence targeting security personnel and/or government non-security personnel

13

1.

leaders justify violence targeting infrastructure, not persons

11

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:ADDPlzBQQLQtct1SFO8U6A==

The number of people killed by the organization per year according to Maryland and Rand data

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:ito41Y+O6ZcO7S4G8NIhHA==

The number of violent incidents by the organization per year according to Maryland and Rand data

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:ito41Y+O6ZcO7S4G8NIhHA==

Does organization have a military wing?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

organization does not have organized military wing

780

1.

organization starting to create military wing in this year

29

2.

organization has standing military wing in this year

952

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:p/P/SNGLAry4QNUWea9JpA==

Where is the organization using violence as a strategy?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

2.

organizational violence used domestically and internationally

69

3.

organizational violence used primarily internationally

30

1.

organizational violence used primarily domestically

491

0.

the organization is not using violence as a strategy

1166

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:7h1nXPzUlnuHHfX5w5aw6w==

Is organization engaged in violence toward state authorities?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

4.

Small-scale guerrilla activity

60

3.

Local rebellion

5

1.

Political banditry

81

5.

Intermediate guerrilla activity

46

0.

None reported

1475

7.

Civil war

5

2.

Small scale campaigns of violence

34

6.

Large-scale guerrilla activity

61

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:5rF3YUpWfMgAxVi78v2bVw==

Was there open intra-organizational conflict within the minority group organization?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1763

1.

Yes

26

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:ArDCPYvfps7Z9mFMMSQxcw==

Severity of conflict with highest level of intra-organizational conflict

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

3.

rioting involving substantial numbers of people

0

2.

series of assassinations or bombings

6

1.

sporadic violent clashes involving individuals or small groups

8

4.

sporadic armed fighting

12

6.

other

0

5.

protracted intra organizational warfare

0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:7QMKl7pWBZPg9yhpq+/3dQ==

Name of faction with highest level of intra-organizational conflict

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:5:WU6V1ecfHcPbcozPa1IomQ==

Severity of conflict with second-highest level of intra-organizational conflict

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

5.

protracted intra organizational warfare

0

1.

sporadic violent clashes involving individuals or small groups

0

4.

sporadic armed fighting

1

3.

rioting involving substantial numbers of people

0

6.

other

0

2.

series of assassinations or bombings

0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:mQ1SvTMi3YtxhRyJYxwWTA==

Name of faction with second-highest level of intra-organizational conflict

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:5:3Nldsj8ielZuuJe54lHnmg==

Severity of conflict with third-highest level of intra-organizational conflict

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

2.

series of assassinations or bombings

0

1.

sporadic violent clashes involving individuals or small groups

0

4.

sporadic armed fighting

0

3.

rioting involving substantial numbers of people

0

6.

other

0

5.

protracted intra organizational warfare

0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:vlXq7rZJTA2d3i2sdmO24A==

Name of faction with third-highest level of intra-organizational conflict

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:ito41Y+O6ZcO7S4G8NIhHA==

Was there inter- organizational conflict?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

391

0.

No

1394

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:VQMyWWIl/1TYcmd7uCz/2w==

Severity of conflict with highest level of inter-organizational conflict

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

4.

anti-group demonstrations, rallies, marches

0

0.

no manifestations of conflict evident

1387

3.

sporadic violent attacks by individuals, gangs or other small groups, some of them causing fatalities

127

1.

individual acts of harassment against property and persons, no fatalities

60

6.

communal warfare

37

2.

political agitation, campaigns urging authorities to impose restrictions on the organization, etc

0

5.

communal rioting, armed attacks

174

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:fjD+o79JapdPYxaLXDTqIw==

Name of organization with highest level of inter-organizational conflict

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:5:+AazmXfUEPMgbr8madNjYQ==

Severity of conflict with second-highest level of inter-organizational conflict

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

3.

sporadic violent attacks by individuals, gangs or other small groups, some of them causing fatalities

62

6.

communal warfare

0

2.

political agitation, campaigns urging authorities to impose restrictions on the organization, etc

1

0.

no manifestations of conflict evident

1640

1.

individual acts of harassment against property and persons, no fatalities

21

4.

anti-group demonstrations, rallies, marches

0

5.

communal rioting, armed attacks

63

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:Am/InzO3NKU2+fh9QfQzhw==

Name of organization with second-highest level of inter-organizational conflict

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:5:g2qF1Hz/jePVRWPBODWX9Q==

Severity of conflict with third-highest level of inter-organizational conflict

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

individual acts of harassment against property and persons, no fatalities

6

3.

sporadic violent attacks by individuals, gangs or other small groups, some of them causing fatalities

43

5.

communal rioting, armed attacks

16

4.

anti-group demonstrations, rallies, marches

0

6.

communal warfare

0

0.

no manifestations of conflict evident

1723

2.

political agitation, campaigns urging authorities to impose restrictions on the organization, etc

0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:wKjw/2b015Icd/rzaBIXMw==

Name of organization with third-highest level of inter-organizational conflict

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:5:aNTnqPOnrEl8o+B0rSJRWg==

To what degree is the organization using violence DOMESTICALLY as a strategy?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

3.

use violence regularly targeting security personnel and/or government non-security personnel

37

1.

use violence occasionally not targeting persons

5

2.

use violence regularly targeting security personnel

299

4.

occasionally targeting civilians but mostly target security personnel or government non-security personnel

123

5.

targeting civilians regularly

33

0.

not use violence

1262

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:suXlxP8l0vpVteGFSUUtoA==

Domestic; Civilian infrastructure

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

27

0.

No

1755

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:ps3gps1ucPVGpq2L8BjBUQ==

Domestic: Civilian lives

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1719

1.

Yes

64

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:UbnhEDKFfcnvSSFXoAIZGw==

Domestic: Targets chosen are based on ethnicity/ascriptive feature(s) of individuals

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

117

0.

No

1667

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:CPv8C9Vn/4Cu8ROK1hStwg==

Domestic: Civilian commercial lives

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1772

1.

Yes

17

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:Wv+OVP59YIhM8ZKzX+hMxw==

Domestic: Civilian religious lives

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

4

0.

No

1785

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:UKy2trbk7DUqyjsgXue0Rw==

Domestic: Government/state infrastructure, security and non-security

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

49

0.

No

1737

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:qBRRpwICAuvax64+fQd3Qw==

Domestic: Government/state lives, non-security

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1716

1.

Yes

71

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:aYa7eUyJuMGDPCQRhrC6mw==

Domestic: Government/state lives, security

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1325

1.

Yes

442

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:SLUlagcaIr0Ng4WqidPe+w==

To what degree is the organization using violence to target TRANSNATIONAL entities as a strategy?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

3.

use transnational violence regularly targeting security personnel and/or government non-security personnel

25

1.

use transnational violence occasionally not targeting persons

4

4.

occasionally targeting civilians but mostly target security personnel or government non-security personnel

14

0.

not use transnational violence

1603

2.

use transnational violence regularly targeting security personnel

120

5.

targeting civilians regularly

16

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:Dykrxdh/zyiRFCMGpJYmXA==

Transnational within: Civilian infrastructure

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

7

0.

No

1782

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:kBSITBdr1pNv2I2O0UTHww==

Transnational within: Civilian lives

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1774

1.

Yes

15

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:PpovgV6hSJ+1PU/F8VLtBA==

Transnational within: Targets chosen are based on ethnicity/ascriptive feature(s) of individuals

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1783

1.

Yes

5

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:VSVwzob1EcyJbPEHI9Dp3A==

Transnational within: Civilian commercial lives

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1779

1.

Yes

9

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:eF6DI25Y676+i5f8j+x+xA==

Transnational within: Civilian religious lives

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

2

0.

No

1786

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:PGXCv630vbrt40wN127RBQ==

Transnational within: Government/state infrastructure, security and non-security

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

8

0.

No

1780

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:nmqVHpUYKuiHFEIgX85s+w==

Transnational within: Government/state lives, non-security

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1763

1.

Yes

25

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:7l2084RZkJl1LqZV7qFObA==

Transnational within: Government/state lives, security

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

134

0.

No

1652

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:aU5agEnYLsr4ahUQCryOdw==

To what degree is the organization using violence TRANSNATIONALLY, outside the boundaries of the state in which the group lives?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

2.

use transnational violence regularly targeting security personnel

48

0.

not use transnational violence

1658

5.

targeting civilians regularly

40

4.

occasionally targeting civilians but mostly target security personnel or government non-security personnel

14

3.

use transnational violence regularly targeting security personnel and/or government non-security personnel

18

1.

use transnational violence occasionally not targeting persons

0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:G9jYHLtnyaXxNsGgKzTlxQ==

Transnational outside: Civilian infrastructure

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1788

1.

Yes

1

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:gPOE4MG37ROR/wfnlt7Wbw==

Transnational outside: Civilian lives

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

25

0.

No

1763

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:QY530doISsMT2ooc3ZotlA==

Transnational outside: Targets chosen are based on ethnicity/ascriptive feature(s) of individuals

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

30

0.

No

1756

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:wlrcPthlh+71+MxPCVRjsQ==

Transnational outside: Civilian commercial lives

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1784

1.

Yes

5

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:2DQaczTPSHGa3UbobGXgqw==

Transnational outside: Civilian religious lives

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

0

0.

No

1789

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:vlXq7rZJTA2d3i2sdmO24A==

Transnational outside: Government/state infrastructure, security and non-security

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1775

1.

Yes

6

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:A0cTYfF82n9QOh8DsX8c1g==

Transnational outside: Government/state lives, non-security

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1755

1.

Yes

28

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:GLB8P3Lw+Xg+NMLjatgvzw==

Transnational outside: Government/state lives, security

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1718

1.

Yes

63

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:2dimp93n4ai1YbvKNx4jCw==

Armed Attack

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

499

0.

No

1258

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:YtThChG7Bu4I3PIirx8zuA==

Arson

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

22

0.

No

1766

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:jMFojIk5qECD/BUYKzVZGg==

Assassination

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1698

1.

Yes

79

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:X5+IxqXOI56Phr3TZ5wpTA==

Hostage-taking

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1775

1.

Yes

12

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:VXDcS88KxmY7eQ1CNOIBZQ==

Bombing

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1637

1.

Yes

142

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:CbObfjBgZ4oE2sKEVh2t/Q==

Hijacking

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1774

1.

Yes

15

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:qVPyfR3GGA1vT4E8PdgNUg==

Kidnapping

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

83

0.

No

1699

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:gGUK6096LGGICNV+d8i8rw==

Suicide Attack

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

59

0.

No

1729

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:cVWKPtvbOQSLNiqEwT9jUg==

Chemical, Biological, Radiological or Nuclear Weapons Attack

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1786

1.

Yes

2

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:Iy4+DX9A+KkUMCC8Ho5kVg==

Other form of violence

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

17

0.

No

1772

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:hLeBs34E0ezmjeNRYNRnzw==

Text description of other violent repertoire

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:5:oEio5OAq2BPmW9TURoeMPA==

Did the organization use or threaten to use chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear weapons during the year being coded?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

7.

Use of agent

3

6.

Threat with possession

1

5.

Possession only

4

1.

Hoax/Prank

0

0.

no CBRN behavior

1778

2.

Threat

1

4.

Attempted acquisition

0

3.

Plot only

0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:BxmeuI4rUmKI2drHkiiN0Q==

Does the organization participate in criminal activity (other than political violence)?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1656

1.

Yes

84

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:uh3dGGEb9Qo86rkST/ZN9w==

Money transfers or laundering

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

used

20

2.

used and is a major source of income for the group

0

0.

not used

1762

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:mv6bNcBQxOS6PE/xSImKvw==

Arms trafficking

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

not used

1738

1.

used

17

2.

used and is a major source of income for the group

0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:temn7NPfuEgotytRgJBYFw==

Drug production or trafficking

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

2.

used and is a major source of income for the group

0

1.

used

20

0.

not used

1744

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:7ZlLVf2PaLnhmP+PMlyBVw==

All forms of human trafficking, including prostitution

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

used

0

0.

not used

1789

2.

used and is a major source of income for the group

0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:vlXq7rZJTA2d3i2sdmO24A==

Human trafficking involving the sex trade only

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

not used

1789

1.

used

0

2.

used and is a major source of income for the group

0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:vlXq7rZJTA2d3i2sdmO24A==

Smuggling of consumer goods

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

not used

1753

1.

used

36

2.

used and is a major source of income for the group

0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:9XXSgXnqgdpwXWKsqA03CQ==

Theft of private or commercial property and funds

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

used

16

2.

used and is a major source of income for the group

0

0.

not used

1758

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:xkAtlDj7g02W9TU/AShliQ==

Expropriation and marketing of scarce resources (gemstones, tropical hardwoods, etc.)

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

2.

used and is a major source of income for the group

0

0.

not used

1762

1.

used

27

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:YRHm/GCc5xc5xHP4r1Z1sw==

Kidnappings for ransom

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

not used

1788

1.

used

1

2.

used and is a major source of income for the group

0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:ZnzAPOIQpGhCpwTlO/B9AQ==

Do state officials and security personnel illicitly participate in, or cooperate with, the organizations criminal activity?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

0

0.

No

1789

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:vlXq7rZJTA2d3i2sdmO24A==

Local officials

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1789

1.

Yes

0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:vlXq7rZJTA2d3i2sdmO24A==

Police

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1789

1.

Yes

0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:vlXq7rZJTA2d3i2sdmO24A==

Military

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1789

1.

Yes

0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:vlXq7rZJTA2d3i2sdmO24A==

Border officials and guards

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1789

1.

Yes

0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:vlXq7rZJTA2d3i2sdmO24A==

Other

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

0

0.

No

1789

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:vlXq7rZJTA2d3i2sdmO24A==

Text specification of other

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:5:EaWiHaaHaR5lcqUe+xfJtQ==

Has the organization established cooperative relations with domestic criminal networks?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

0

0.

No

1764

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:X4fwJBiIvJakIa2bGvKRCQ==

Domestic: Ethnic or ethnonational identity

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

0

0.

No

1764

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:X4fwJBiIvJakIa2bGvKRCQ==

Domestic: Text specification of ethnic or ethnonational identity

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:5:dHjy0t5V7yAnkzKwbVRHnw==

Domestic: Religion

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

0

0.

No

1764

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:X4fwJBiIvJakIa2bGvKRCQ==

Domestic: Text specification of religion

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:5:dHjy0t5V7yAnkzKwbVRHnw==

Domestic: Political ideology

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1739

1.

Yes

0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:5u6D//GjapvUu/Ppw/hB7g==

Domestic: Text specification of political ideology

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:5:dHjy0t5V7yAnkzKwbVRHnw==

Domestic: Other

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

0

0.

No

1789

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:vlXq7rZJTA2d3i2sdmO24A==

Domestic: Text specification of other

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:5:dHjy0t5V7yAnkzKwbVRHnw==

Has the organization established cooperative relations with transnational criminal networks?

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1762

1.

Yes

27

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:tniHSr7J3yuAxZBPel7oJg==

Transnational: Ethnic or ethnonational identity

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1763

1.

Yes

26

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:B9Br/KujFhpym/ItazBzFQ==

Transnational: Text specification of ethnic or ethnonational identity

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:5:KIWfSBj/ze50BMboA1DIkw==

Transnational: Religion

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1766

1.

Yes

23

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:gQRYxM3KCULbSLg0AxXWHg==

Transnational: Text specification of religion

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:5:Fh7R4Dqo3CH4yXywjI07CA==

Transnational: Political ideology

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

1.

Yes

0

0.

No

1789

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:vlXq7rZJTA2d3i2sdmO24A==

Transnational: Text specification of political ideology

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:5:dHjy0t5V7yAnkzKwbVRHnw==

Transnational: Other

f2298935 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

0.

No

1789

1.

Yes

0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:5:vlXq7rZJTA2d3i2sdmO24A==

Transnational: Text specification of other

f2298935 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:5:dHjy0t5V7yAnkzKwbVRHnw==

Other Study-Related Materials

Label:

MAROB_ME_Codebook.pdf

Text:

Notes:

application/pdf