Replication Data for: The Power of History: How A Victimization Narrative Shapes National Identity and Public Opinion in China (doi:10.7910/DVN/NZPPLP)

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Part 1: Document Description
Part 2: Study Description
Part 3: Data Files Description
Part 4: Variable Description
Part 5: Other Study-Related Materials
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Document Description

Citation

Title:

Replication Data for: The Power of History: How A Victimization Narrative Shapes National Identity and Public Opinion in China

Identification Number:

doi:10.7910/DVN/NZPPLP

Distributor:

Harvard Dataverse

Date of Distribution:

2023-06-12

Version:

1

Bibliographic Citation:

Xu, Yiqing; Zhao, Jiannan, 2023, "Replication Data for: The Power of History: How A Victimization Narrative Shapes National Identity and Public Opinion in China", https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/NZPPLP, Harvard Dataverse, V1, UNF:6:nWpCmFrH53W/AT8GRSVsZw== [fileUNF]

Study Description

Citation

Title:

Replication Data for: The Power of History: How A Victimization Narrative Shapes National Identity and Public Opinion in China

Identification Number:

doi:10.7910/DVN/NZPPLP

Authoring Entity:

Xu, Yiqing (Stanford University)

Zhao, Jiannan (UCSD)

Distributor:

Harvard Dataverse

Access Authority:

Xu, Yiqing

Depositor:

Xu, Yiqing

Date of Deposit:

2023-01-05

Holdings Information:

https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/NZPPLP

Study Scope

Keywords:

Social Sciences

Abstract:

We study the effect of a victimization narrative on national identity and public opinion in China experimentally. Previous research has suggested that governments can shape public opinion by guiding citizens' collective memories of historical events, but few studies have established a clear causal link. By conducting an online survey experiment among 1,890 urban Chinese citizens, we examine the causal impact of historical narratives on political attitudes. We find that, compared to control conditions, a narrative focusing on China’s humiliating past in the late Qing significantly reinforces respondents' attachment to the victim side of the Chinese national identity, raises suspicion of the intention of foreign governments in international disputes, stimulates preference for more hawkish foreign policies, and strengthens support for China's current political system. These effects are particularly strong among respondents without a college degree.

Methodology and Processing

Sources Statement

Data Access

Other Study Description Materials

File Description--f6879823

File: newspaper.tab

  • Number of cases: 70

  • No. of variables per record: 4

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:CiloXfliK9HGs1BItyqjAA==

File Description--f6879839

File: victimization.tab

  • Number of cases: 1890

  • No. of variables per record: 73

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:KEphq3MlROdiHRL+Ekfk9A==

Variable Description

List of Variables:

Variables

month

f6879823 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:Wv10AKXX71n3bMmpKE46wA==

amount

f6879823 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 14.69691028218687; Mean 6.028571428571426; Valid 70.0; Max. 83.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:2lRc2i1yIB+cUPOJjHcsMA==

month2

f6879823 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:Wv10AKXX71n3bMmpKE46wA==

total

f6879823 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1075.0; Mean 25275.485714285718; Valid 70.0; Max. 44954.0; StDev 12018.859241658816

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:+7mvFSxixhgL8jtpCtAXGg==

treat

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 3.0; Mean 1.5005291005291006; Min. 0.0; Valid 1890.0; StDev 1.1097764383862225

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:UJ/p5iBXOtrazVOP+IEZvQ==

mins

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 20.554812265022683; Valid 1890.0; Mean 18.793650824683066; Max. 453.7166748046875; Min. 5.050000190734863;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:I+ze+V5q9PgsUbMetUP79A==

tr_victim

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Valid 1890.0; Mean 0.2486772486772487; StDev 0.4323607087710287

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:rHbVYTfoNtbyV4LyI0en4A==

tr_liberal

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.2608465608465608; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Valid 1890.0; StDev 0.4392125910163259

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:y9k3BOQNkjAg1hx6FoesfA==

tr_olympic

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Valid 1890.0; StDev 0.4292398688732736; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.24338624338624346

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Pl9DxMrSctStY6kpbZ89qg==

female

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1890.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.4444444444444455; StDev 0.49703550327141083; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:LIkwjiN+OM8dB+ZtPE264g==

age

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 18.0; Max. 51.0; Valid 1890.0; Mean 31.72962962962963; StDev 8.884317430733038

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:uqlXrmQy81r7rZ6OobDLGw==

age_sq

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 26.010000228881836; StDev 5.97585516267809; Valid 1890.0; Mean 10.85658730855065; Min. 3.240000009536743;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:um1zkoXeSXaN24dExEzKpQ==

prov

f6879839 Location:

Value

Label

Frequency

Text

9.

������

56

21.

������

24

23.

������

75

16.

������

74

15.

������

49

18.

������

110

28.

������

46

32.

���������

41

22.

���������

11

14.

������

66

17.

������

67

13.

������

49

30.

������

38

10.

������

42

7.

������

26

6.

������

95

26.

������

46

5.

������

23

19.

������

40

3.

���������

17

8.

������

27

12.

������

158

1.

������

212

2.

������

27

11.

������

125

20.

������

13

29.

������

24

24.

������

73

25.

������

18

4.

������

185

27.

������

21

31.

������

12

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; StDev 8.79672599043741; Valid 1890.0; Max. 32.0; Mean 13.33227513227512

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:NnilETnJYSLZ9+W9597+6w==

eduyr

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 14.293650793650793; Min. 6.0; Valid 1890.0; StDev 2.5206425493472278; Max. 21.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:QHtZJZTsmlwHeriCLJtW9g==

hschool

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.40129174569661435; Max. 1.0; Valid 1890.0; Mean 0.20158730158730095; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:tr6WP/OoiqTvfRRrwgW7uA==

jcollege

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.40129174569661397; Mean 0.20158730158730123; Valid 1890.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:WcZcCTegy0vTC8G4/3lc4g==

college

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 0.41058201058201305; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.4920696450921918; Valid 1890.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:xwhW7bjUaJoEXOe5Hzj01Q==

edu

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1.428695057405981; Min. 1.0; Valid 1890.0; Max. 8.0; Mean 4.886772486772488

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:IeZUfn45Xg2rhg/VOIQhbQ==

minority

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1890.0; Mean 0.03650793650793656; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.18759991497873008;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ubSklR5JYCQlymExLj/xyw==

eng

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 3.1756613756613743; Valid 1890.0; Max. 5.0; StDev 1.304729439850465; Min. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:M9mjhUgzPhdm+o635fVBYg==

income

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 9.0; StDev 2.039145312402974; Valid 1831.0; Mean 5.030038230475147; Min. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:asB2oGPyoZXMJ0W493Gnjg==

lincome

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; StDev 0.4115354980220316; Mean 0.2158730158730163; Min. 0.0; Valid 1890.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:L/JxSjJvo4blykd0DTiaFQ==

hincome

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 0.2492063492063497; Valid 1890.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.4326679941752085;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:6kiLYqEx4jXGUhCvlxpSxQ==

substatus

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.7296835943723003; Min. 1.0; Max. 4.0; Valid 1890.0; Mean 2.2232804232804226

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:FhtkSKiPZijdJSd9fiyKOA==

ccp

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1890.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.3500197161720188; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.14285714285714302

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:BWnvyPV2dOWPhsjJm+LqHA==

knwl

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 5.0; Mean 2.356084656084656; Min. 0.0; StDev 1.6465558366047512; Valid 1890.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:7OXw0/xuKf9TXyxL2eiauA==

vpn

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.4937916512685148; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.42063492063492075; Valid 1890.0; Max. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:sJnrI6HQtjZctTCWjY5GXw==

t0right

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 1890.0; StDev 0.4158497373554365; Mean 0.22222222222222215; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:7m8OlxA2iLndiVzdV6fsew==

t1right

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1890.0; Mean 0.18888888888888886; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.3915239237688482

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:zhILnIC/rYrl6OOE0aQOEw==

t2right

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1890.0; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.2058201058201059; StDev 0.40440662885140816;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:zkTtkgy+xnLHvXKw/729lA==

t3right

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1890.0; Mean 0.19841269841269848; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.3989101338840923; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:sLINt0V75xSUXBReV78N7g==

t0agree

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 1890.0; Mean 0.23121693121693132; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.4217223759049451

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:1s4r9r6VJNpYEpWsG6ojug==

t1agree

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.16878306878306884; Valid 1890.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.37465933074239477; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:2qflq4Jhq6XA00rCrzSChA==

t2agree

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.14338624338624317; Max. 1.0; Valid 1890.0; StDev 0.35055905441337715; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:08nfcfXguQRG+SM8BQFzhg==

t3agree

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Valid 1890.0; StDev 0.4133504287483576; Mean 0.2185185185185187

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:2kxiJeUk5usWc7RmpQI+Vg==

t0emo

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Valid 1890.0; StDev 0.37927351749686883; Mean 0.1740740740740741; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:lmA4ekv3sxHyA0fqXm5/0g==

t0nonemo

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Mean 0.04550264550264543; StDev 0.2084589813275553; Min. 0.0; Valid 1890.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:f7u9ijm0/RwMlzOs49w0eg==

t1emo

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.21428571428571422; Valid 1890.0; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.41043449824553796

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:jvY4Eb/oXL9KwYG4HB22zg==

t1nonemo

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.024338624338624205; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.15413898439916493; Max. 1.0; Valid 1890.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:MIrI/L5UtFTymkSBjOmdlA==

t2emo

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; StDev 0.4078299034751314; Mean 0.21058201058201054; Min. 0.0; Valid 1890.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:uzxK6B10USOExXPZ6oXQyg==

t2nonemo

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 0.03756613756613745; StDev 0.1901948016906752; Max. 1.0; Valid 1890.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:fco779JE1q91bMoqx3NUFQ==

t3emo

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.40932437851619374; Mean 0.21269841269841275; Valid 1890.0; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:vghgNxBT/zjRwmfdGghgAQ==

t3nonemo

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.15736877007222735; Max. 1.0; Valid 1890.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.025396825396825477;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:4L8/4LhZMb+4eWYevCl0Fg==

c2

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; StDev 0.6254774001543302; Max. 5.0; Valid 464.0; Mean 4.3469827586206895;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:EC3wg78ls/e1d2XCfvn/bA==

t12

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 449.0; StDev 0.8586462052317166; Mean 3.853006681514477; Max. 5.0; Min. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:7GP9bmHa74TiC/TYvZUhwQ==

t22

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; Valid 468.0; StDev 1.0207496055023417; Mean 3.5299145299145307; Max. 5.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:5DwXm0erAgT5Q9qJlX4ejg==

t32

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.6947754182696911; Max. 5.0; Mean 4.3208791208791215; Valid 455.0; Min. 2.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Ez9ocLloZkeGnuG3reK1Og==

ideology_nati

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -3.882209053519252; Max. 2.660686836661654; Mean -1.3634834493407094E-16; Valid 1885.0; StDev 0.9999999999999992

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:u3oBv0jz00v0aGBTNGvVoA==

ideology_poli

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 3.07730318233483; Valid 1885.0; Mean 3.694068334455693E-16; Min. -3.205516023930267; StDev 0.9999999999999979

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Hw/vcjsia6TgHwLI+vvzVQ==

ideology_econ

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean -2.504333316024491E-16; Max. 3.046662258900909; StDev 1.0000000000000075; Min. -2.8617067992801415; Valid 1885.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:QhHccWjN+ntW8QCCSIPTQQ==

nat

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1.0000000000000022; Mean 5.574990887096216E-16; Min. -3.58949447967493; Valid 1860.0; Max. 1.8541976257174853

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:CPz2lgihgriSLwaCMEiJTw==

nat1

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 5.0; Valid 1860.0; Mean 3.6992903225806453; StDev 1.0524273188930122; Min. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:TS+x/S+vFJdCSd0ybB98kA==

nat2

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1.0440058770283187; Mean 3.8508870967741933; Valid 1860.0; Min. 1.0; Max. 5.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Lu9lQ9PBf3hIYK/emmjQfQ==

nat3

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; Mean 3.6319569892473114; Valid 1860.0; Max. 5.0; StDev 1.0797368028861578

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:vwT2mpEaub12z/k4A49ixw==

nat4

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1.1048474227816552; Valid 1860.0; Min. 1.0; Max. 5.0; Mean 3.6415430107526885

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:IVIxtHULoWpNkkhxsG5ofA==

nat5

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1860.0; Mean 3.3640430107526886; Max. 5.0; Min. 1.0; StDev 1.126460416389724

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:nufE3Vu1Msp68LQBMtSK+g==

pat

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.999999999999994; Max. 1.044312773338742; Valid 1878.0; Mean -2.2771986639276376E-16; Min. -4.563641534038163;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:mlXInuLnlj8q3PdTn16FMg==

pat1

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 4.428099041533548; Max. 5.0; Min. 1.0; StDev 0.8312500979857453; Valid 1878.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:dvRoYW1rcfJR7mmTFhJbHw==

pat2

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; Valid 1878.0; Mean 4.138178913738019; Max. 5.0; StDev 0.9356937750364557

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ZxI0sJZZHlQ5l5YL46fq/Q==

pat3

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.9633604725450859; Mean 4.100798722044728; Min. 1.0; Max. 5.0; Valid 1878.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Q422m4GmMpqdKP83X55qaQ==

pat4

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; StDev 0.933833397586805; Mean 4.228200212992543; Max. 5.0; Valid 1878.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:N2ssyhbU2vlA8GrTnJ3WIw==

pat5

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; Mean 4.380324813631525; StDev 0.851582844724901; Max. 5.0; Valid 1878.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:1UpQYgOeBXjUIQBS0vvCEw==

system

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -3.982096053996; StDev 1.000000000000002; Valid 1886.0; Max. 2.3662440579831774; Mean 1.0160365538192048E-16;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:uxNSoeP1x+4GO84fdNKgOg==

system1

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; Valid 1886.0; Max. 5.0; Mean 3.6842099681866385; StDev 1.0495558168358186

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:8zain47ITRzdbedcu7LWyQ==

system2

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 5.0; Min. 1.0; Valid 1886.0; StDev 1.0382315511643805; Mean 3.8114634146341455

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:zQi7ruK5YWvi7+/Uq6Mt/w==

system3

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; Mean 3.5483297985153768; Valid 1886.0; Max. 5.0; StDev 1.0669462705430022

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:us9druTBLzdYKvDgs5ubaA==

system4

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; Max. 5.0; Mean 3.0077518557794276; StDev 1.0034036156230268; Valid 1886.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:BUKmNxaI09BA2BNHFQQ+cg==

perception

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean -3.3823619977733607E-16; Min. -4.681871485281555; StDev 1.0000000000000007; Max. 1.2641611433959448; Valid 1890.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:D5ShMl+8N3XZsz4KHFx1Fw==

perception1

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 2.41513407000998; Max. 10.0; Mean 7.592592592592592; Min. 0.0; Valid 1890.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ZzK4S/gZPdwjJmID/mjbZg==

perception2

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 8.007407407407408; StDev 2.1440817255635043; Valid 1890.0; Max. 10.0; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:dU69cmtQtXRHjC4oahJ0nA==

perception3

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 1890.0; StDev 2.058662846906948; Max. 10.0; Mean 8.061904761904762

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Lqa9QLryg0wC/FJLikWKQw==

perception4

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1890.0; StDev 2.2456160224754664; Max. 10.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 7.833862433862433

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:7HJB+0kuHBAg4z26HDv5vw==

hawk1

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1890.0; Mean -0.9972451499118167; Min. -3.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.7021606518933389

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:RLzSpsYXO0xJXsDOdD7IsA==

hawk2

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean -1.15715873015873; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.7254065134894144; Min. -3.0; Valid 1890.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:UhYHA2CbmBwJUcmmLbP9fw==

hawk3

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1890.0; Max. 3.0; Mean 1.838869488536155; StDev 0.6997615599794884; Min. -1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:CjkuTlQ9XyGA7QNSZZF5Sg==

hawk4

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 1.2236543209876543; StDev 0.7238947934502933; Min. -1.0; Max. 3.0; Valid 1890.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:TeWVooKgBohUyNbIjet0Sw==

hawk

f6879839 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean -1.8914910789910074E-17; Max. 3.1346796295640895; StDev 1.0000000000000004; Min. -4.047081973710573; Valid 1890.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:2BvPDkN1mmemVao0CZF+dA==

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1_main.R

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Replication Code

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type/x-r-syntax

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2_newspaper.R

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Replication Code

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type/x-r-syntax

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3_appendix.do

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Replication Code

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application/x-stata-syntax

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balance.xml

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text/xml

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Codebook.pdf

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Codebook

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application/pdf

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foreign_policy_hetero.xml

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text/xml

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foreign_policy.xml

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text/xml

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hawk_edu.pdf

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application/pdf

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nat_hawk.pdf

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application/pdf

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nat_hetero.xml

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text/xml

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nat_patriotic_hetero.xml

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text/xml

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nat_patriotic.xml

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text/xml

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nat_perc.pdf

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application/pdf

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nat.xml

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text/xml

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pat_edu.pdf

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application/pdf

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pat_hawk.pdf

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application/pdf

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pat_perc.pdf

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application/pdf

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perc_edu.pdf

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application/pdf

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perc_hawk.pdf

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application/pdf

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perc_year46_15_guochi.png

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image/png

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ReadMe.pdf

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application/pdf

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sumstat.xml

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text/xml

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sys_edu.pdf

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system_hetero.xml

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text/xml

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system.xml

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text/xml

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victim_edu.pdf

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application/pdf

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victim_pat.pdf

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application/pdf