Replication Data for: Left Behind or Left In? Party Ideology and the Gender Gap in Candidate Persistence (doi:10.7910/DVN/NLZ5AM)

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Part 1: Document Description
Part 2: Study Description
Part 3: Data Files Description
Part 4: Variable Description
Part 5: Other Study-Related Materials
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Document Description

Citation

Title:

Replication Data for: Left Behind or Left In? Party Ideology and the Gender Gap in Candidate Persistence

Identification Number:

doi:10.7910/DVN/NLZ5AM

Distributor:

Harvard Dataverse

Date of Distribution:

2026-06-04

Version:

Bibliographic Citation:

Vallejo, Agustin, 2026, "Replication Data for: Left Behind or Left In? Party Ideology and the Gender Gap in Candidate Persistence", https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/NLZ5AM, Harvard Dataverse, V1, UNF:6:rzElKR8nG1ycR98dM86Ohg== [fileUNF]

Study Description

Citation

Title:

Replication Data for: Left Behind or Left In? Party Ideology and the Gender Gap in Candidate Persistence

Identification Number:

doi:10.7910/DVN/NLZ5AM

Authoring Entity:

Vallejo, Agustin (https://ror.org/040vwpm13)

Distributor:

Harvard Dataverse

Access Authority:

Vallejo, Agustin

Depositor:

Vallejo, Agustin

Date of Deposit:

2026-06-04

Holdings Information:

https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/NLZ5AM

Study Scope

Keywords:

Social Sciences

Abstract:

This replication package contains the cleaned Stata datasets and code needed to reproduce the main results of the article. The data combine public municipal election records from Brazil and Chile, with the candidate-election as the unit of observation. The analysis compares close electoral outcomes between the last winner and the first loser within the relevant electoral list: coalitions in Brazil and parties in Chile. The main variables identify the election year, running variable, seat-winning status, candidate gender, party ideology or coalition, and whether the candidate reran in a subsequent election. The Brazil data cover municipal elections in 2012, 2016, and 2020, with follow-up through 2024; the Chile data cover municipal elections from 1992 to 2012, with follow-up through 2016.

Methodology and Processing

Sources Statement

Data Access

Notes:

Other Study Description Materials

File Description--f13988169

File: brazil_main_clean.tab

Number of cases: 1831786
No. of variables per record: 7
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:xapItJ8RL46lRUtMu3dWVA==

File Description--f13988171

File: chile_main_clean.tab

Number of cases: 76133
No. of variables per record: 6
Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:0hTAopyApkUyW6IR/YUWPQ==

Variable Description

List of Variables:

elec_year - Election year
newcomer - Newcomer candidate
margin - Running variable, Brazil percentage-point scale
ideology - Party ideology: 0 right, 2 left
ydp_cluster - Cluster used in accepted manuscript
rerunning_atall - Reruns in t+1, original 0/1 scale
gender - Female candidate
elec_year - Election year
margin - Running variable, Chile source units; zero margins adjusted
gender - Female candidate
rerunning_atall - Reruns in t+1, original 0/1 scale
ydp_cluster - Cluster used in accepted manuscript
coalition - Coalition: 1 left, 2 right

Variables

Election year

f13988169 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 2012.0; StDev 4.3709284006900635; Mean 2018.0678463532313; Max. 2024.0; Valid 1831786.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:nJPm8v3jSZ5cBVTajYEycA==

Newcomer candidate

f13988169 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1831255.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.6997130383262394; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.4583828280595569;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:OMj6VO7O1eJKgjs+NVeLhw==

Running variable, Brazil percentage-point scale

f13988169 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean -0.0027332638897137164; Min. -21.794871794871796; Valid 188894.0; StDev 1.3794447894391577; Max. 21.794871794871796;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:4tIAHYtZHn8k51T5hq7tdw==

Party ideology: 0 right, 2 left

f13988169 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency
0.	Right	581324
2.	Left	364148
1.	Center	428130

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.8418930665508321; Min. 0.0; Valid 1373602.0; StDev 0.8144436812831276; Max. 2.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ce71NgS7tDoGPQZ89ZStGQ==

Cluster used in accepted manuscript

f13988169 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; Mean 58271.07523785923; StDev 30682.637583941385; Valid 1348965.0; Max. 102327.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:lsve+eD5+aWXegZ24BeLxA==

Reruns in t+1, original 0/1 scale

f13988169 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Valid 1399970.0; StDev 0.48452980738515383; Mean 0.3765859268412352; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:HFwlDdjSs/EmOmP8TTIRzw==

Female candidate

f13988169 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1780436.0; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.3363603072505748; StDev 0.4724639418354213

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:oHKEIoATUHQbRACa+Sf+8g==

Election year

f13988171 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 2006.5674543233552; StDev 7.772132438444392; Min. 1992.0; Max. 2016.0; Valid 76133.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ZwwzwQNnBqwJ3qsvA+YGBw==

Running variable, Chile source units; zero margins adjusted

f13988171 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 0.4677813947200775; Valid 10940.0; StDev 0.05546980999142274; Min. -0.4677813947200775; Mean -1.7130365373826216E-5;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:nocLNmv532+jFpFSJwdGTA==

Female candidate

f13988171 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
1.	HOMBRE	18499
2.	MUJER	0

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.42889135228464753; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.24298905833367207; Valid 76131.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:/wC9EcYOrOaYQcSIG/KyxA==

Reruns in t+1, original 0/1 scale

f13988171 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Mean 0.5019111292081003; StDev 0.4999996313076305; Min. 0.0; Valid 76133.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ZBDUX68pc/BYHeblbWkq5g==

Cluster used in accepted manuscript

f13988171 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 6091.453114943592; StDev 3195.058626755868; Min. 1.0; Max. 11636.0; Valid 76133.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:I1ftilHUGDF9ETxrD5Ou9Q==

Coalition: 1 left, 2 right

f13988171 Location:

Value	Label	Frequency	Text
2.	Alianza	15536
1.	Concertacion por la Democracia	13691

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.49901130173791797; Max. 2.0; Min. 1.0; Mean 1.5315632805282808; Valid 29227.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:X7yd2A3vt8vAmzrZUnJgkA==

Other Study-Related Materials

Label:

replicate_main_results.do

Notes:

text/x-stata-syntax