Replication Data for "Tax Breaks for Swing States? Political Bargaining, Targeted Policies, and Firm Outcomes" (doi:10.7910/DVN/IDAH3F)

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Part 1: Document Description
Part 2: Study Description
Part 3: Data Files Description
Part 4: Variable Description
Part 5: Other Study-Related Materials
Entire Codebook

Document Description

Citation

Title:

Replication Data for "Tax Breaks for Swing States? Political Bargaining, Targeted Policies, and Firm Outcomes"

Identification Number:

doi:10.7910/DVN/IDAH3F

Distributor:

Harvard Dataverse

Date of Distribution:

2026-03-02

Version:

1

Bibliographic Citation:

Xu, Sheng-Jun; Raina, Sahil, 2026, "Replication Data for "Tax Breaks for Swing States? Political Bargaining, Targeted Policies, and Firm Outcomes"", https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/IDAH3F, Harvard Dataverse, V1, UNF:6:e1Brn7Ex3c/k1ONzN0h50w== [fileUNF]

Study Description

Citation

Title:

Replication Data for "Tax Breaks for Swing States? Political Bargaining, Targeted Policies, and Firm Outcomes"

Identification Number:

doi:10.7910/DVN/IDAH3F

Authoring Entity:

Xu, Sheng-Jun (University of Alberta)

Raina, Sahil (University of Alberta)

Distributor:

Harvard Dataverse

Access Authority:

Xu, Sheng-Jun

Depositor:

Xu, Sheng-Jun

Date of Deposit:

2026-02-27

Holdings Information:

https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/IDAH3F

Study Scope

Keywords:

Business and Management

Abstract:

This replication package contains all the materials required to reproduce the results presented in the paper “Tax Breaks for Swing States? Political Bargaining, Targeted Policies, and Firm Outcomes” by Sahil Raina and Sheng-Jun Xu. The accompanying Read-Me file explains how to run the replication code.

Methodology and Processing

Sources Statement

Data Access

Notes:

<a href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0">CC0 1.0</a>

Other Study Description Materials

File Description--f13578058

File: committeechairs.tab

  • Number of cases: 1400

  • No. of variables per record: 8

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:UvawPLRFFNYAuumyMkQu+g==

File Description--f13578048

File: compustat_funda_syn.tab

  • Number of cases: 455198

  • No. of variables per record: 13

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:ye5p2DJ8CiwPWnB42/dbLw==

File Description--f13578039

File: compustat_states.tab

  • Number of cases: 276646

  • No. of variables per record: 5

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:G1gb8WXbtpikgDGT5Q5r9g==

File Description--f13578049

File: compustat_taxvars_syn.tab

  • Number of cases: 455198

  • No. of variables per record: 5

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:WZLtlP1JAf0mK8NXH2pM4Q==

File Description--f13578052

File: crsp_locationlinked_syn.tab

  • Number of cases: 2081779

  • No. of variables per record: 8

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:1XRZzxYokIiJQ3F0gg2qbQ==

File Description--f13578037

File: ff3_daily.tab

  • Number of cases: 25148

  • No. of variables per record: 6

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:y+dQAVDXao2daH8Gid3pTw==

File Description--f13578051

File: gdp_state.tab

  • Number of cases: 1326

  • No. of variables per record: 4

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:AlaYlySMMrFTKBDbWX9hnw==

File Description--f13578047

File: govspend_statepanel.tab

  • Number of cases: 2065

  • No. of variables per record: 16

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:1q1d5vHePr64mH/eQzQzbg==

File Description--f13578040

File: legvoting_billlvl.tab

  • Number of cases: 1735619

  • No. of variables per record: 7

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:AT3AuKcGiONIxN17dwdl/w==

File Description--f13578036

File: preselectcloseness.tab

  • Number of cases: 600

  • No. of variables per record: 3

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:bKS1Vu38fpnfsvzOGGAUHA==

File Description--f13578042

File: qcew_statepanel.tab

  • Number of cases: 1537

  • No. of variables per record: 5

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:MrMiWdJP2kG5N6QCizkI3w==

File Description--f13578050

File: qwi_state_firmsize.tab

  • Number of cases: 1178

  • No. of variables per record: 8

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:gM2B7AghUuPyCzEYbHx59Q==

File Description--f13578057

File: realgdp.tab

  • Number of cases: 76

  • No. of variables per record: 4

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:pvnLkhKgbBE/g1qzx3G1QA==

File Description--f13578043

File: regdata_naics.tab

  • Number of cases: 5952

  • No. of variables per record: 4

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:TR436EsvxOz/A17oqRDHsw==

File Description--f13578045

File: senatepivscore_cong.tab

  • Number of cases: 2349

  • No. of variables per record: 7

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:D9lj8PmKyk2RJP2h8XaR0A==

File Description--f13578055

File: senatetightness.tab

  • Number of cases: 63

  • No. of variables per record: 10

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:RFukeDOgTuoovvU0QpfAdg==

File Description--f13578059

File: state_codes.tab

  • Number of cases: 57

  • No. of variables per record: 4

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:hyYAqizULE67o1OdYYTFbw==

File Description--f13578061

File: statepartisan.tab

  • Number of cases: 2250

  • No. of variables per record: 6

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:2YbYU/J0rPd8A3bF4Wiw7A==

File Description--f13578053

File: statepop.tab

  • Number of cases: 1686

  • No. of variables per record: 5

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:M4ZvFto9W88K3zhjF19BYA==

File Description--f13578054

File: subsidytracker_state.tab

  • Number of cases: 1584

  • No. of variables per record: 8

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:gArJR6WMgg8CDneB/XGy0g==

File Description--f13578062

File: tradable_miansufi.tab

  • Number of cases: 108

  • No. of variables per record: 3

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:k9j8AZ0aomugui2uMnZyLg==

File Description--f13578046

File: unrate.tab

  • Number of cases: 75

  • No. of variables per record: 3

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:Es1VhWvwKlpoXSVlEq1JVw==

File Description--f13578041

File: usimports_indyr.tab

  • Number of cases: 3252

  • No. of variables per record: 3

  • Type of File: text/tab-separated-values

Notes:

UNF:6:3ATKeTqRO5RRlCq81Rr6Rg==

Variable Description

List of Variables:

Variables

congress

f13578058 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1400.0; Min. 103.0; Mean 109.5; Max. 116.0; StDev 4.032569334754173;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:jfNsAFicvqBOpNlJtgnPjg==

year

f13578058 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 2006.5; StDev 8.08063366682772; Valid 1400.0; Min. 1993.0; Max. 2020.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ttr0TXSZym15ViNGAm/pTA==

stabb

f13578058 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:axrvUSrruCNV+k6vAf10kg==

chairpersonships

f13578058 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 3.0; Valid 1400.0; Mean 0.43000000000000005; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.6695351678275212;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:HTt/r3TaADK03w1uyW0WbQ==

chairpersonships_top1committees

f13578058 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.15398979226467788; Valid 1400.0; Mean 0.024285714285714254;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:HFqNrjg/mwBY6XZX/USgJA==

chairpersonships_top3committees

f13578058 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 2.0; Min. 0.0; Valid 1400.0; StDev 0.2653016563372851; Mean 0.06285714285714286

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:m4AMl0lCn+7biXtAwSMscw==

chairpersonships_top5committees

f13578058 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; StDev 0.32655694194439455; Mean 0.10285714285714288; Valid 1400.0; Max. 2.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Sn/vb2BykacZGUhcuwfiXQ==

chairpersonships_top10committees

f13578058 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.20285714285714285; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.42976178336626736; Valid 1400.0; Max. 2.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ks4nPZy2L4Y2gdvZIHwxBQ==

Global Company Key

f13578048 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 455198.0; Mean 53823.76047119639; Min. 1000.0; StDev 63753.86981905395; Max. 345980.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:HsgCzkswWHiXekO/JJUZtQ==

SIC industry, 4-digit (numerical).

f13578048 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 4822.041358317294; StDev 2077.14439576738; Max. 9998.0; Min. 100.0; Valid 450381.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:v5QbpvQEiQhaLXhTUZfr2w==

NAICS industry, 4-digit (numerical).

f13578048 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1520.1913408744408; Min. 11.0; Valid 433883.0; Mean 4159.314958180111; Max. 9999.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:EUikjF2D5vYLQfQrXGr6bg==

Data Year - Fiscal

f13578048 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 2020.0; Valid 455198.0; StDev 12.040090603203506; Mean 2000.0335524321026; Min. 1977.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:DVAPIMEKKe6ymrAqo3OsxA==

sale

f13578048 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 455198.0; Mean 1946.7578086576796; StDev 10569.084833696556; Min. -48861.8203125; Max. 50087.296875;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:e/eUDYl3H54ghdZOI6wUWw==

tq

f13578048 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 30.03173020216078; Min. -7857.87109375; Max. 7847.5732421875; Valid 455198.0; StDev 1707.8459303796624

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:U0LILLMBfDJAlu98W2We9Q==

capx_lassets

f13578048 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -256.39495849609375; Max. 247.32679748535156; Mean 0.24841397615540659; Valid 455198.0; StDev 54.47534611812709

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:nOsaOxX8o80ZzfjsdP3ACg==

xsga_lassets

f13578048 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 2.0029573815937614; Valid 455198.0; StDev 89.62118483124448; Max. 448.4425354003906; Min. -434.1262512207031

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:AwrhXvm82NdUph30VX2byw==

xrd_lassets

f13578048 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 31.20649078667237; Valid 455198.0; Max. 154.04307556152344; Min. -130.60220336914062; Mean 0.5953503703970965

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:zwghtWW68E6/VD8hAb5n9g==

sale_gr

f13578048 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.9434280395507812; StDev 0.41132979351934973; Mean 0.09807369323271874; Min. -1.9628599882125854; Valid 455198.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:loqT9SUWmfLWUSpAfK04Zw==

ebitda_lassets

f13578048 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean -0.9890972499665482; Min. -463.5038146972656; Valid 455198.0; StDev 103.61681623671339; Max. 476.47662353515625;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:rIOW/1Da2XkZj7j/pj/t5g==

profit

f13578048 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -651.9840087890625; StDev 130.68553075079404; Mean -4.697827557275831; Valid 455198.0; Max. 594.5811157226562

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:n/gcogYlIWMBbrn/vlvL8A==

levltb

f13578048 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -57.589935302734375; Mean 0.31592152190481915; Max. 56.522281646728516; StDev 12.155414033127851; Valid 455198.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:zfyVvhoH2YisS1ehZ5zgGA==

Global Company Key

f13578039 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 63363.074242775896; Mean 60546.16552921401; Max. 345980.0; Min. 1004.0; Valid 276646.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:8hoQPIRbF/06/IuNLbjDYQ==

Data Year - Fiscal

f13578039 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 2020.0; Valid 276646.0; Min. 1990.0; StDev 8.876710243595719; Mean 2004.2492065672343

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:LC3Y5xBX2vja+QYDFVXlmw==

State/Province

f13578039 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:QSLXCfMy01GwzTpOB/7EWQ==

STUSAB

f13578039 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:/mbT7DkFlct7uVuJwNxzQQ==

STATE

f13578039 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; Max. 78.0; Valid 276646.0; Mean 26.36962038128367; StDev 15.530076432732733

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Xstypb3I/o+FQROuXrzGbw==

Global Company Key

f13578049 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 345980.0; Valid 455198.0; StDev 63753.86981905395; Mean 53823.76047119639; Min. 1000.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:HsgCzkswWHiXekO/JJUZtQ==

Data Year - Fiscal

f13578049 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 12.040090603203506; Valid 455198.0; Min. 1977.0; Max. 2020.0; Mean 2000.0335524321026

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:DVAPIMEKKe6ymrAqo3OsxA==

txfed_etr

f13578049 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 6.030471723085558; Mean 0.09639091906550107; Max. 27.564252853393555; Min. -28.8937931060791; Valid 455198.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:vq9Sh02VDzCUpIHcQ3igYA==

txs_etr

f13578049 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.024702970383079063; Valid 455198.0; Min. -3.569023847579956; StDev 0.778094256454929; Max. 3.5863733291625977

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:f2IUtG4QX53zgqt2BpmM5Q==

txfo_etr

f13578049 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.018577212237089222; Max. 16.865604400634766; Valid 455198.0; Min. -17.48063850402832; StDev 3.7143987953061353

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:HRGNhOBgeuZM1T+iTI50+A==

Global Company Key

f13578052 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 2081779.0; StDev 67617.66408449077; Mean 65831.38732765628; Min. 1045.0; Max. 345980.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:kC4foI0ZXy0kHS71bJS2eA==

Date of Observation

f13578052 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:eTZTBddb8Mb0DXnok2xcMA==

PERMNO

f13578052 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 2081779.0; Min. 10026.0; Mean 50242.32153657598; Max. 93436.0; StDev 33489.21717086983;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:S78zXaGfjC7aZPECiooDmg==

PERMCO

f13578052 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 19164.017169088507; Mean 37622.84415259491; Min. 5.0; Max. 58670.0; Valid 2081779.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:KHEB6SJW63vE15P+PLWWIA==

year

f13578052 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 2020.0; StDev 0.0; Min. 2020.0; Max. 2020.0; Valid 2081779.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:hFIc08Azi2gw1jUSf1Cgjw==

STUSAB

f13578052 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:ik7DM8SwqIqZIgw2/SFkMg==

STATE

f13578052 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 2081779.0; Max. 78.0; Min. 1.0; StDev 15.835316578214684; Mean 26.567031851151036

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:izHW1rTQP8r9ixNgoIY+hw==

retadj

f13578052 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 0.25685402750968933; Mean 0.0013783222943025038; Valid 2081779.0; Min. -0.2482341080904007; StDev 0.05135706101385928

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:zKesn2si/ZnQ15KLKAYJ6w==

date

f13578037 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:ViW26Tja6j63HOBBtqGaMQ==

year

f13578037 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 1972.1989024972083; StDev 27.972308402572967; Max. 2021.0; Valid 25148.0; Min. 1926.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:WBssqk982Hv5LLGhmp6T9A==

Mkt-RF

f13578037 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.030876411580429055; StDev 1.0763679375206539; Valid 25148.0; Max. 15.760000228881836; Min. -17.440000534057617

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:K/JlZNkRS+VHOitLKAhb7g==

SMB

f13578037 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.5908568648044412; Max. 8.180000305175781; Min. -11.670000076293945; Mean 0.004750278378114568; Valid 25148.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Uyo2DuwKVZqMMWD7fQ2sFw==

HML

f13578037 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -6.019999980926514; Valid 25148.0; Mean 0.014424208721926937; StDev 0.6154879626544555; Max. 9.039999961853027

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:JLlXTj97jcwdKjZcr2Tmzw==

RF

f13578037 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. -0.003000000026077032; Max. 0.061000000685453415; Valid 25148.0; Mean 0.012152815327733418; StDev 0.011922209975265025

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:udZMyG6X83hooZkXKXSg7w==

GeoFIPS

f13578051 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 56.0; Min. 1.0; Valid 1326.0; StDev 15.682750066507413; Mean 28.96078431372546;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:lKMhLc5x+WLt9Ej28dEp6A==

STUSAB

f13578051 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:DuG+F9hcVctpSXPYTNXMKQ==

year

f13578051 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1997.0; Valid 1326.0; Mean 2009.5; Max. 2022.0; StDev 7.502829654882795

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:3Bq+t2IbpCxY1Qcp704TXw==

1 v

f13578051 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 20049.400390625; StDev 386875.0992978409; Valid 1326.0; Max. 2885627.3; Mean 309360.5386539049

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:FpZn3yyIR1RO40zuaWADaw==

STATE

f13578047 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 2065.0; StDev 16.902255715946723; Mean 30.569007263922362; Max. 78.0; Min. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:qjrG9TSh4rFsl2Am8eMVhw==

year

f13578047 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1980.0; Valid 2065.0; StDev 11.666486340876833; Max. 2020.0; Mean 2000.9007263922517;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:yyoxRzHLP5CLzo6VO1QewA==

1 amt

f13578047 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 6.12468241329E9; StDev 4.779274650310809E8; Min. 225000.0; Mean 2.1534014072014052E8; Valid 2000.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:KJ06hZWUDnqiehLGn50V4A==

2 amt

f13578047 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1.034218539636496E10; Mean 5.507701543251147E9; Max. 1.0635969755992E11; Valid 2065.0; Min. 775138.55;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ibdO+lO9OE68m0PLtHiFFg==

3 amt

f13578047 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 4.837064887336451E8; Valid 2000.0; Max. 4.84175350962E9; Min. -3.6609962E7; Mean 2.4239933116436523E8

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:2DZB1vAn3NITsXcfPXreLg==

4 amt

f13578047 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 6.700835554E9; Valid 2000.0; Min. -3.9828091252E8; Mean 3.1114994214366984E8; StDev 5.376183794064778E8

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:UnAJcyQ2168yMc9Ozzh8ng==

5 amt

f13578047 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 8.804357477033316E9; Max. 9.242821641897E10; Mean 5.545819938146797E9; Valid 2000.0; Min. 5.2474759E7;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:JNWPG+7f1nT4BUlF7HLZeA==

6 amt

f13578047 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1.1240735618564089E10; Valid 2065.0; Mean 7.184624403127745E9; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.2408362278831E11

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:jlNk0Exlk13OhUy2z3ok8A==

7 amt

f13578047 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 6.754182019342E10; Valid 1997.0; Min. -1.69673778314E9; Mean 1.9064436661480339E9; StDev 3.99441061444346E9

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:4hQxoc4/3hM1cGO9hPvnTQ==

8 amt

f13578047 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 7811.0; Valid 2000.0; Mean 7.604210365194979E9; Max. 5.32219912924E11; StDev 3.119171562201018E10

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:qsayjxiJPaDSiHU9njotLQ==

9 amt

f13578047 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 2065.0; StDev 4.195884983343797E9; Mean 2.1450207681016774E9; Min. -1.64289142818E9; Max. 7.219657319612E10;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:jrZxShBi/m6wTmeu1/6Nlw==

10 amt

f13578047 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1998.0; Max. 6.73101806051E9; StDev 6.95662535798215E8; Mean 2.4676079666629598E8; Min. -1231691.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:/litL5vSkvqgoGtKalZpzw==

11 amt

f13578047 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 2.5679781605182148E10; Min. 0.0; Valid 2065.0; Max. 2.2408724875472E11; Mean 1.8166945530109104E10

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:G4fxOAK4PJ4vCRqO6ThywA==

12 amt

f13578047 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1.9878956945005314E9; Mean 1.4145652927675672E9; Max. 2.262746086163E10; Valid 2000.0; Min. 2.029555675E7

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:pTn9vkRgR2zUNp6r6xHYJg==

13 amt

f13578047 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 2000.0; Max. 2.0216921028733E11; Min. 453884.0; StDev 1.4609590955435572E10; Mean 7.378802762363757E9

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:DKQOVM4WMFCyLdxJrr8ZdA==

14 amt

f13578047 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.2146249477056E11; Valid 2000.0; StDev 1.4543672709704878E10; Min. 0.0; Mean 1.137856850111688E10;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:qFHNWmr8gDPbkqKddBzMog==

congress

f13578040 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1735619.0; Min. 93.0; Max. 117.0; StDev 7.196718849524087; Mean 103.38271590724982;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:enbVf8HxCs4UC/wiyEMFuw==

st_abbr

f13578040 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:kFp7Tgb0+SEJccz7E2pUcw==

party_code

f13578040 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 149.39340949820848; Valid 1735619.0; Min. 100.0; Max. 328.0; StDev 52.22708866957543;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ILpAVtnXYu7ytz4BihR1+w==

rollnumber

f13578040 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; Valid 1735619.0; Mean 400.23029708591434; Max. 1311.0; StDev 268.86937259945273;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:apEDJLHouPt8LkFCvgl2NA==

cast_code

f13578040 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 2.771707385089097; Max. 9.0; Valid 1735619.0; StDev 2.386829390728345; Min. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:xlDOuk2wwos80Y6EPWvXkw==

budget

f13578040 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.4467581882890812; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.4971573713625005; Valid 1735619.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:tgN9rw/bzt2BOy9AKal4bQ==

regulation

f13578040 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.42406177692253016; Mean 0.2351005606668906; Valid 1735619.0; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ESf/yXXXgjJosOSX3/2SYg==

preselectyr

f13578036 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 13.819731363462306; Max. 2020.0; Mean 1998.0; Min. 1976.0; Valid 600.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:NuocB09QEzx8e/MsjtOfAw==

st_fips

f13578036 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 29.31999999999989; Min. 1.0; Valid 600.0; Max. 56.0; StDev 15.636659122529682

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:TZog4g0+etjd7kkLWcNoYg==

absvotediff

f13578036 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 600.0; Min. 9.003281593322754E-5; Max. 0.5220888257026672; StDev 0.10818796583538409; Mean 0.14606748114029572

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:t8Crl6G0iRbR6ts2FOI7Bw==

st_fips

f13578042 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1537.0; StDev 17.720043760238816; Min. 1.0; Max. 78.0; Mean 30.69811320754727

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:xz09FuSLKRV1kjcgOnIMTA==

year

f13578042 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1537.0; Mean 2006.0; StDev 8.3693233248971; Min. 1992.0; Max. 2020.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:EpPAB1c7pszzLB+d26A4uQ==

5 estabs

f13578042 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 2998.0; Max. 1343082.0; Mean 148942.9082332764; StDev 181978.9760969532; Valid 1166.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:QfbTsfBB78QASuVmGWlylw==

5 emp

f13578042 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 2075067.947299941; Max. 1.5127578E7; Valid 1537.0; Min. 23385.0; StDev 2329145.2783075543;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ylSjV4uS21gzxKXf/j5cDg==

5 wages

f13578042 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 6.01384386E8; StDev 1.2196786357359343E11; Mean 8.867520671427423E10; Valid 1537.0; Max. 1.11354971574E12

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:lO/p7NCankgYtt/axjDTKw==

st_fips

f13578050 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1.0; Valid 1178.0; Max. 56.0; Mean 29.39388794567043; StDev 15.517667076530959

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:x8zeFyVoFmfXSD9K0KaoSQ==

year

f13578050 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1994.0; StDev 7.061565174153941; Mean 2008.546689303905; Valid 1178.0; Max. 2020.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:YNs7Ba7nOp3xVJsQRFJLiQ==

0 emps

f13578050 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 1962514.1709929055; StDev 2147691.555599282; Max. 1.3241518E7; Min. 141773.66666666666; Valid 1175.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:zk0B8Wd0PJT9QN7RCY8Rnw==

1 emps

f13578050 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 373860.99390070955; StDev 434218.5435507338; Min. 40005.25; Valid 1175.0; Max. 2956725.5;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:o9V/ASNDZrXo0C4+vlbcVQ==

2 emps

f13578050 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 190314.07148936173; Min. 17986.666666666668; Max. 1330193.75; Valid 1175.0; StDev 208281.22530108667;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:l/izCUxreP0RlpFQVUsSFg==

3 emps

f13578050 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 21934.666666666668; Valid 1175.0; Max. 2004332.25; StDev 331267.9393449403; Mean 302313.3724822692;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:lSELu/nnKYLfGKRvJ881IQ==

4 emps

f13578050 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 117062.65834685427; Max. 702612.75; Min. 6313.75; Valid 1175.0; Mean 109217.97886524821

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:rxGARcbPPKge9I0nipQkmA==

5 emps

f13578050 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 44811.333333333336; Valid 1175.0; Max. 6247654.25; StDev 1072147.3105809826; Mean 986807.765886524

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:gwqe0n0Rkr8HgKbBLvkwzg==

observation_date

f13578057 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:v+qhyQ6Qj+5VUem8Msa2kQ==

year

f13578057 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 1984.5; Min. 1947.0; Valid 76.0; Max. 2022.0; StDev 22.08317610006918;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:MrNK2uSFBq5VcCedGB+XgQ==

GDPC1

f13578057 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 2184.61425; StDev 5947.2520962458775; Valid 76.0; Mean 9804.954657894736; Max. 21822.0365

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:r7UAAx9XOqTZV7iUvPbTrA==

realgdp_gr

f13578057 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.086918830871582; Min. 0.9742350578308105; Valid 75.0; StDev 0.02354306664086205; Mean 1.031428076426188;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:bb5Gz/cHgeRZyTbqZ9joqg==

year

f13578043 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 2005.0; Min. 1990.0; Valid 5952.0; StDev 8.945023371618632; Max. 2020.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:QChHHCd6StC3C6cGz43WHQ==

industry_description

f13578043 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:1/pmMClFNW3mONZIZWQblw==

NAICS

f13578043 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 9281.0; Valid 5952.0; Min. 11.0; StDev 2120.4580133063405; Mean 2687.765625

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:WkLdjSAN3n2j05dRnyiDgw==

industry_restrictions_2_0

f13578043 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 17045.09484099864; Valid 5952.0; StDev 26162.680042573673; Max. 254316.265625; Min. 153.4521942138672

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:nhzsVFEYxlADKKFlss1dug==

stabb

f13578045 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:2cZx1A6tAVlw8npgCUr1hg==

congress

f13578045 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 117.0; Mean 106.0357598978288; StDev 6.641687179451178; Valid 2349.0; Min. 95.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:K5ghLC1Yp7gAk1NcdSjSQQ==

senator

f13578045 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:KSTelhdmS4P/D5FC7uan8A==

senatorid

f13578045 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:wHtHLs4natOLW6b2BpdSVQ==

senatorparty

f13578045 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:P1Bqf4UK3A78QG79HXawIQ==

oppparty

f13578045 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:7a+bRwiRT8XpnsH/5PT9SA==

opppartypresvote

f13578045 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 0.7055069208145142; StDev 0.09496933296380798; Min. 0.012917237356305122; Mean 0.4349209788200288; Valid 2349.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:1tgIb3gF5e2sx5gTjHNj9Q==

congress

f13578055 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 63.0; Max. 117.0; Min. 86.0; StDev 9.168614511663803; Mean 101.25396825396825;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:VfiwjWB/z6NHR3FekmYV5g==

tightsenate2

f13578055 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Valid 63.0; StDev 0.35273781075132915; Mean 0.14285714285714282; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:bGiWUu0pKaLbQt2rijjodA==

tightsenate4

f13578055 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.1746031746031745; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.3826765896260495; Valid 63.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:HTWcoEWY7g96TfP53ZxCsw==

tightsenate6

f13578055 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.30158730158730174; StDev 0.4626334379405209; Valid 63.0; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:qw3rmixFEB6PDTY/tNWNOg==

tightsenate8

f13578055 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 0.33333333333333354; StDev 0.4751909633114916; Valid 63.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:5yl5PvVM4cGGwmsP1FnqZA==

supertight2

f13578055 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.24580452980260512; Valid 63.0; Mean 0.06349206349206349

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:6u+SiyyjJASD5uYwvOpbFA==

supertight4

f13578055 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.12698412698412698; Max. 1.0; Valid 63.0; StDev 0.33562957173259217; Min. 0.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:L+1dmvOyF7DrG5rzUhvICg==

supertight6

f13578055 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 0.22222222222222215; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.419079038062475; Valid 63.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:vQmLQBbONRWZbpYh6sApxw==

supertight8

f13578055 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 0.46922712106381187; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Valid 63.0; Mean 0.3174603174603176

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:iQdj5VDeZXjRz5TQKTfuYg==

year

f13578055 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 63.0; Mean 1990.0; Min. 1959.0; StDev 18.33030277982336; Max. 2021.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ssqvz8RB2mmWgq5grT8jKQ==

STATE

f13578059 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 57.0; Max. 78.0; Mean 33.26315789473686; StDev 19.686404224189737; Min. 1.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:4aOFtxWjuc5KV2oVtFQu2Q==

STUSAB

f13578059 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:dUij7x/Y9uJEyeXfH7tfaw==

STATE_NAME

f13578059 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:4iBLm9fYYcBiozuY7Pwjsw==

STATENS

f13578059 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 463094.7604390938; Min. 68085.0; Max. 1878752.0; Mean 1529200.298245614; Valid 57.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:WcZbbibzTAnXfJuJ8ECODw==

stabb

f13578061 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:fYLtxAjHwjXfig1gizw2tw==

year

f13578061 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 2250.0; Min. 1977.0; Max. 2021.0; StDev 12.990060160034522; Mean 1999.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:D2fsX1TaUoO/ESdNSQtKJg==

(sum) sentenure

f13578061 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 12.256234480142368; Min. 2.0; Mean 20.213777777777793; Valid 2250.0; Max. 64.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:RB6MWtgCGoIsUZ5sosArdg==

(first) congress

f13578061 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 95.0; Max. 117.0; Valid 2250.0; Mean 105.75555555555556; StDev 6.499839432827312

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:RKnqVRVRfZvbA5yjuB0xEA==

senatorsD

f13578061 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.3164444444444455; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.46519193605933645; Valid 2250.0; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:AshuEOwsyJIL+hXjh23VoQ==

senatorsR

f13578061 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.3066666666666677; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.46121227542832904; Valid 2250.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:oK4MVKzprNWgCcK53of0SA==

STATE

f13578053 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1686.0; Min. 1.0; Max. 72.0; Mean 29.037366548043035; StDev 15.772241060662628

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:4ibtf0QyxE4XlCKLC81c2g==

state

f13578053 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:UdtjWpEOeX0wXcq4qISUbA==

STUSAB

f13578053 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:p3Dji7WAgGnmUrmAiHqkvw==

year

f13578053 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 9.537301403476905; Valid 1686.0; Min. 1990.0; Max. 2022.0; Mean 2006.0266903914592

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:/rzcD1o9G5Bvqgg8WgCf5A==

pop

f13578053 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 453401.0; StDev 6513520.262778303; Mean 5786633.476868332; Max. 3.9512223E7; Valid 1686.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:rZzNJUNt4ZZy6sa4stEy6g==

state

f13578054 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:D1vmQZc1q0p/33tPvFsH/g==

sub_year

f13578054 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1584.0; Max. 2023.0; Mean 2007.9760101010102; Min. 1966.0; StDev 10.215216882644668

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:wPqhg5/ktrbd4zlCMXc2Fw==

(sum) subsidy

f13578054 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 2.9691414128282803E8; Valid 1584.0; StDev 7.809605467640325E8; Max. 9.117646748E9;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:P+DBZt1ccF+/r5uYMxwDow==

(sum) subsidy_tax

f13578054 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 1.0479969292550492E8; StDev 3.6524578239955306E8; Valid 1584.0; Max. 6.420876285E9; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:0/kimeodPO08dfAYkneiWw==

(sum) subsidy_fed

f13578054 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 8.388531321E9; StDev 3.193357041237534E8; Min. 0.0; Mean 7.211038771212122E7; Valid 1584.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Ucym7+xVHfDtSAWEqm11WA==

(sum) subsidy_fed_tax

f13578054 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 2558832.073232295; StDev 4.3289884402779534E7; Valid 1584.0; Max. 1.474445776E9; Min. 0.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:Eib/5jZ4sZ245VGQf3aJ2A==

(sum) loan

f13578054 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 1584.0; Mean 1.1882876083028017E10; Max. 1.0473503889685E13; StDev 2.801030225929441E11;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:5qXFak+RSdhrET4fK0B8hA==

(sum) loan_fed

f13578054 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 1.185116806646752E10; Max. 1.0473503893587E13; Valid 1584.0; StDev 2.8010404200740234E11

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:J8XsZKwNAJAijSv67tnwAQ==

NAICS4

f13578062 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 3591.62962962963; Min. 1132.0; Valid 108.0; Max. 7224.0; StDev 975.180142405452;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:ACsAXTSiaj9idifgRHjeBA==

Non-tradeable

f13578062 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 108.0; Mean 0.2407407407407409; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.4295263718551781

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:rSyR5QnHgnYFa0aMpWQrHQ==

Tradeable

f13578062 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 0.7592592592592591; Valid 108.0; StDev 0.4295263718551781; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:6xNH+8pkvsgxzBQFIbiSZw==

observation_date

f13578046 Location:

Variable Format: character

Notes: UNF:6:3JubvR2reUROXvVAYhUL4w==

year

f13578046 Location:

Summary Statistics: Mean 1985.0; Valid 75.0; Min. 1948.0; StDev 21.79449471770337; Max. 2022.0;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:mH1OIhBYU/FY+6hDJQGGrg==

UNRATE

f13578046 Location:

Summary Statistics: Max. 9.708333333333334; StDev 1.6272062254367452; Min. 2.925; Mean 5.732888888888889; Valid 75.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:/ZyOvJrKRmp/OiQ+EQuGTw==

year

f13578041 Location:

Summary Statistics: Min. 1989.0; Mean 2003.510762607626; Valid 3252.0; Max. 2018.0; StDev 8.65043872997663

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:mQ4Y1P1go2h5BUw11cS2GA==

naics4

f13578041 Location:

Summary Statistics: StDev 1447.535692090128; Mean 3184.287515375128; Valid 3252.0; Min. 1111.0; Max. 9900.0

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:50FWah83gKhQEQ4jqWxxAw==

ipr

f13578041 Location:

Summary Statistics: Valid 1217.0; StDev 0.2278098286526551; Max. 0.9711348414421082; Mean 0.3377284982877622; Min. 0.021109402179718018;

Variable Format: numeric

Notes: UNF:6:PKwmmLEuraPt/3y8JrafJw==

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Label:

1_prepdata-2.do

Notes:

application/x-stata-syntax

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Label:

2_analysis-2.do

Notes:

application/x-stata-syntax

Other Study-Related Materials

Label:

3_figures-2.R

Notes:

type/x-r-syntax

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Label:

firm_subsidydata.dta

Notes:

application/x-stata-14

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Label:

readme-2.pdf

Notes:

application/pdf