Replication Data for: Popular financial reporting increases understanding, interest, and trust: experimental evidence (doi:10.7910/DVN/6SHIKB)

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Part 2: Study Description
Part 3: Data Files Description
Part 4: Variable Description
Part 5: Other Study-Related Materials
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Document Description
Citation
Title:	Replication Data for: Popular financial reporting increases understanding, interest, and trust: experimental evidence
Identification Number:	doi:10.7910/DVN/6SHIKB
Distributor:	Harvard Dataverse
Date of Distribution:	2025-04-29
Version:	1
Bibliographic Citation:	Yu, Jinhai; Nicolai Petrovsky; Zhiwei Zhang; Josephine Gatti Schafer, 2025, "Replication Data for: Popular financial reporting increases understanding, interest, and trust: experimental evidence", https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/6SHIKB, Harvard Dataverse, V1, UNF:6:wvUFZLfqe7qR/V3g+8tEYw== [fileUNF]
Study Description
Citation
Title:	Replication Data for: Popular financial reporting increases understanding, interest, and trust: experimental evidence
Identification Number:	doi:10.7910/DVN/6SHIKB
Authoring Entity:	Yu, Jinhai (University of Connecticut)
	Nicolai Petrovsky (City University of Hong Kong)
	Zhiwei Zhang (Kansas State University)
	Josephine Gatti Schafer (University of Nebraska at Omaha)
Distributor:	Harvard Dataverse
Access Authority:	Yu, Jinhai
Depositor:	Yu, Jinhai
Date of Deposit:	2025-04-29
Holdings Information:	https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/6SHIKB
Study Scope
Keywords:	Social Sciences, Public reporting; financial reporting; transparency; accountability; survey experiment
Abstract:	How can governments best report information to the public to enhance transparency and accountability? We address this question in the context of government financial reporting. Traditional financial reporting is widely considered technical and inaccessible to the public. In contrast, popular financial reporting is viewed as an accessible solution. As a result, we expect popular financial reporting to increase three outcomes relative to traditional financial reporting: recipients’ understanding, interest, and trust in government financial information. We conducted a pre-registered online survey experiment with Amazon Mechanical Turk using Cloud Research to compare subject responses to a Popular Annual Financial Report (a user-friendly format) and an Annual Comprehensive Financial Report (a traditional, technical format). The Popular Annual Financial Report causes an increase in understanding, interest, and trust in government financial information. The effects on interest and trust are larger for those who felt more informed about government budgets, voted for Donald Trump in 2020, and were more educated.
Methodology and Processing
Sources Statement
Data Access
Notes:	<a href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0">CC0 1.0</a>
Other Study Description Materials
Related Publications
Citation
Title:	Yu, Jinhai, Nicolai Petrovsky, Zhiwei Zhang, Josephine Gatti Schafer, 2025. “Popular Financial Reporting Increases Understanding, Interest, and Trust: Experimental Evidence,” International Public Management Journal.
Bibliographic Citation:	Yu, Jinhai, Nicolai Petrovsky, Zhiwei Zhang, Josephine Gatti Schafer, 2025. “Popular Financial Reporting Increases Understanding, Interest, and Trust: Experimental Evidence,” International Public Management Journal.
File Description--f11122157
File: data_PFR.tab
	Number of cases: 917 No. of variables per record: 44 Type of File: text/tab-separated-values
Notes:	UNF:6:wvUFZLfqe7qR/V3g+8tEYw==
	Data for replication
Variable Description
List of Variables:	treatment - PAFR treatment female - Female school - education coded categorical su - Subjective understanding eu - Easy to understand ou1_correct - Objective understanding 1 ou2_correct - Objective understanding 2 ou3_correct - Objective understanding 3 helpful - Helpful sense_read - Meaningful city_report - Access to report budget_invol - Budget involvement transparency - Transparency commitment record_infor - Recording information good_decison - Good decision care_acess - Caring about access age2 - Age 25-34 age3 - Age 35-44 age4 - Age 45-54 age5 - Age 55-64 age6 - Age 65 and above school2 - High school school3 - Some college school4 - Associate degree school5 - Bachelor and above homeowner - Homeowner income2 - Income 25k to 50k income3 - Income 50k to 10k income4 - Income 10k and above white - White black - African American latino - Latino asian - Asian local_vote - Local voting public_meeting - Public meeting advisory_board - Advisory board survey - Responding to survey other_participation - Other participation voted_for_R - Vote for Trump voted_for_D - Vote for Biden pre_inform - Informed about budget voted_for_other - Vote for others vote_record - vote coded categorical school1 - No school
Variables
PAFR treatment
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Valid 917.0; Mean 0.4830970556161395; StDev 0.49998690415388386; Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:uZ/iY8PHBI+KrxhZFMxHdA==
Female
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Mean 0.585792349726776; StDev 0.49285407863769587; Max. 1.0; Valid 915.0; Min. 0.0 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:wXf4wi6c0gVDs8mrsOrt8Q==
education coded categorical
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Valid 917.0; Mean 3.187568157033806; Min. 1.0; StDev 1.2264098370517238; Max. 5.0; Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:s697S3J+9AL72YUR37xqkw==
Subjective understanding
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: StDev 2.4715667596741233; Mean 6.560175054704594; Valid 914.0; Max. 10.0; Min. 1.0 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:Zwbc/NJ8WFbOXwLMPyUfVw==
Easy to understand
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Mean 0.7055616139585609; Valid 917.0; StDev 0.4560386146898326; Min. 0.0 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:wU4rCWMPPX7bqsu1dUBjfw==
Objective understanding 1
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: StDev 0.42112514498274106; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Valid 917.0; Mean 0.7699018538713196 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:YLMzyJvfpQByY9S3hOexdA==
Objective understanding 2
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Valid 917.0; StDev 0.48116733379811844; Mean 0.6368593238822248; Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:Kc8bDIiMQqLANyXlONAG3A==
Objective understanding 3
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Valid 917.0; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.499164750730751; Mean 0.46673936750272615 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:cqpiOuCb7NLyBeRLSk+8/g==
Helpful
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: StDev 1.0400871585938496; Mean 3.7044711014176657; Max. 5.0; Min. 1.0; Valid 917.0; Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:QJ1qpYyryFTfejiVnNo+PA==
Meaningful
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Max. 5.0; Mean 3.1712104689203926; StDev 1.2158523329791313; Min. 1.0; Valid 917.0; Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:fw1QSwtP5ubyKf5Knb31dg==
Access to report
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: StDev 1.091292018070413; Valid 917.0; Min. 1.0; Mean 3.669574700109051; Max. 5.0; Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:+gL9cqYKOFhXUA25Gpp4Mw==
Budget involvement
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Valid 917.0; Min. 1.0; StDev 1.0789360913189385; Max. 5.0; Mean 3.4013086150490723 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:6G+UEklgYJ6mheliKEsEYQ==
Transparency commitment
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Valid 917.0; StDev 0.926538641336871; Mean 3.8113413304253; Min. 1.0; Max. 5.0; Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:FMyOCtswT+1VEdWYDiT6xA==
Recording information
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Mean 3.8004362050163576; Min. 1.0; Max. 5.0; Valid 917.0; StDev 0.9195118231559439; Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:rlr6gFaZ07I6+M2qtAKLIg==
Good decision
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Max. 5.0; StDev 0.9497764512095183; Min. 1.0; Valid 917.0; Mean 3.7535441657579063 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:8uG7n19nfVqSuXX2PeEiyg==
Caring about access
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Mean 3.863685932388223; Valid 917.0; StDev 0.9621441334687135; Max. 5.0; Min. 1.0 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:pKISmxNBihCbi32snCyPFg==
Age 25-34
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Mean 0.28680479825517996; Valid 917.0; StDev 0.45251642115839397; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:slSn2wbYyZod8+XeA94Rkg==
Age 35-44
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: StDev 0.44883664533111745; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.27917121046892046; Min. 0.0; Valid 917.0 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:k8TvdjDrxoZHdbTANe5RRg==
Age 45-54
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Valid 917.0; Mean 0.17230098146128658; StDev 0.37784791210544316 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:DfQFjVopFPhMGrlvwUtd1Q==
Age 55-64
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: StDev 0.28234189017168143; Mean 0.08724100327153762; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; Valid 917.0 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:9lCzwZ0fM/4HoV9aiAkoEA==
Age 65 and above
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: StDev 0.2674126521091082; Max. 1.0; Valid 917.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.07742639040348952 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:gsTHfjGPMPxsLPMXZs1t0Q==
High school
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Valid 917.0; Mean 0.35114503816793896; StDev 0.4775886685889283; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:vzW7Ii7E8h1JHnOIUG6R6Q==
Some college
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Mean 0.26390403489640124; StDev 0.4409883990234025; Max. 1.0; Valid 917.0; Min. 0.0 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:uUriGArmogOaeq4XDAoNRw==
Associate degree
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; StDev 0.32251783357315067; Max. 1.0; Valid 917.0; Mean 0.11777535441657576 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:Bmel5B9SqB+5n4fLuunZSw==
Bachelor and above
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Valid 917.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.23882224645583422; StDev 0.4265965747438163; Min. 0.0 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:xHctnuZLVrfoifQGXUa5tQ==
Homeowner
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Mean 0.4242093784078516; StDev 0.49449209949418704; Min. 0.0; Valid 917.0 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:+b86T+zKodBuxUa2xKKHfA==
Income 25k to 50k
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Max. 1.0; Valid 917.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.3271537622682664; StDev 0.46942996105924456 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:nRJY8Qn+DParU5w6cVoriw==
Income 50k to 10k
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Valid 917.0; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.29116684841875684; StDev 0.45454816025529504 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:/0MzV96Z9ivirYKNwd85Bg==
Income 10k and above
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Valid 917.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.2839312820855042; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.08833151581243177 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:9DLCU4ucoGrcSd0VILnODA==
White
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Valid 917.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.47477853434947265; Mean 0.6575790621592148; Max. 1.0; Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:MdMP/0EQhIf8lojaGePsKg==
African American
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Valid 917.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.18647764449291154; StDev 0.38970418014936437 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:xwksUYC74dqdHMgdArJwCw==
Latino
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Valid 917.0; StDev 0.16913928124583524; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.029443838604143905 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:W+/wCvZRG4PwZUewSCyUNg==
Asian
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Valid 917.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.035986913849509285; StDev 0.18635914006618545; Max. 1.0 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:myfcfbyWyyhWHvYEX1Hn0w==
Local voting
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Valid 917.0; Mean 0.36205016357688125; Min. 0.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.4808554804866564; Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:rJxpba32+OauJKXuwb9OxA==
Public meeting
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Valid 917.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.25121553793245516; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.06761177753544165; Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:+c0XKRlBtc5jcfnKfidOUg==
Advisory board
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Mean 0.00981461286804802; Valid 917.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.09863516474916845; Max. 1.0 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:prszozrb9XNDENib+BB01Q==
Responding to survey
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Mean 0.18756815703380603; Valid 917.0; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.39057995869956724; Min. 0.0 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:VX9HYSudbs2Pl/lUcskQHw==
Other participation
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Valid 917.0; Min. 0.0; StDev 0.07368006777266374; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.005452562704471094; Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:VtU/xbjnk7NkxjivZZtiwQ==
Vote for Trump
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: StDev 0.46594814130267925; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Mean 0.31798245614035076; Valid 912.0 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:IkDNokpWds1VjQ8++q5y7Q==
Vote for Biden
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Min. 0.0; Mean 0.3980263157894738; Max. 1.0; StDev 0.4897595092632111; Valid 912.0 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:2xgidSe5GyYcU8rZqPD15A==
Informed about budget
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: Valid 917.0; Mean 5.465648854961833; StDev 2.555106185449176; Min. 1.0; Max. 10.0; Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:3fMUXOMxfohXy5kYTetYWw==
Vote for others
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: StDev 0.17260307974171724; Min. 0.0; Valid 912.0; Max. 1.0; Mean 0.030701754385964924 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:al+oaxb5iTUOFJbc60Zi6A==
vote coded categorical
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: StDev 0.8558224512687153; Mean 1.206140350877193; Min. 0.0; Max. 3.0; Valid 912.0 Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:HMqxCCSSXp2CYO65OlnBMA==
No school
f11122157 Location:	Summary Statistics: StDev 0.16607074018300075; Mean 0.028353326063249706; Valid 917.0; Max. 1.0; Min. 0.0; Variable Format: numeric Notes: UNF:6:SXba5ZzVA9syNeUIrheCcg==
Other Study-Related Materials
Label:	code_for_data_PFR.do
Text:	Stata do file
Notes:	application/x-stata-syntax