Replication Data for: Modeling Unobserved Heterogeneity in Social Networks with the Frailty Exponential Random Graph Modeldoi:10.7910/DVN/K3D1M2Harvard Dataverse2017-04-211Morgan, Jason; Box-Steffensmeier, Janet M.; Christenson, Dino P., 2017, "Replication Data for: Modeling Unobserved Heterogeneity in Social Networks with the Frailty Exponential Random Graph Model", https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/K3D1M2, Harvard Dataverse, V1Replication Data for: Modeling Unobserved Heterogeneity in Social Networks with the Frailty Exponential Random Graph Modeldoi:10.7910/DVN/K3D1M2Morgan, JasonBox-Steffensmeier, Janet M.Christenson, Dino P.Political AnalysisHarvard DataverseMorgan, JasonMorgan, Jason2017-02-28Volume #, Issue #Social SciencesIn the study of social processes, the presence of unobserved heterogeneity is a regular concern. It should be particularly worrisome for the statistical analysis of networks, given the complex dependencies that shape network formation combined with the re- strictive assumptions of related models. In this paper, we demonstrate the importance of explicitly accounting for unobserved heterogeneity in exponential random graph models (ERGM) with a Monte Carlo analysis and two applications that have played an important role in the networks literature. Overall, these analyses show that failing to account for unobserved heterogeneity can have a significant impact on inferences about network formation. The proposed frailty extension to the ERGM (FERGM) generally outperforms the ERGM in these cases, and does so by relatively large mar- gins. Moreover, our novel multilevel estimation strategy has the advantage of avoiding the problem of degeneration that plagues the standard MCMC-MLE approach.<a href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0">CC0 1.0</a>Forthcoming, Political Analysis Forthcoming, Political Analysis replication-materials-20170414.zipReplication materials, stored in a file hierarchy. See the included README files for instructions on how to replicate the study. (Updated April 2017.)application/zip