Replication Data for: Compulsory Voting Increases Men's Turnout Mosthttps://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/C0VFMHSingh, ShaneHarvard Dataverse2025-01-302025-01-30T18:22:36ZEqual turnout fosters equal representation. As such, researchers have long sought to understand what causes gender differences in voter participation. I argue that compulsory voting increases men’s turnout relative to that of women. This is because men are particularly receptive to external incentives, while women are more intrinsically motivated. Within Brazil and across countries, I use administrative data to show that compulsory voting increases men’s turnout most. I also argue that, due to social desirability bias, nonvoting women are most likely to claim to have participated under mandatory voting. With comparisons of official and reported turnout, I demonstrate compulsory voting increases women’s turnout overreporting relative to that of men. By increasing men’s relative turnout, compulsory voting could introduce or accentuate representational disparities in favor of men, and this potentiality can be obscured by survey data.Social Sciencescompulsory votingSingh, Shane P. “Compulsory Voting Increases Men’s Turnout Most. American Journal of Political Science.2025-01-30Singh, Shane2024-12-02Stockemer, Daniel, and Aksel Sundström. 2023. “The Gender Gap in Voter Turnout: An Artefact of Men’s Over-Reporting in Survey Research?” British Journal of Politics and International Relations 25 (1): 21–41.<br></br> Coppedge, Michael, John Gerring, Carl Henrik Knutsen, Staffan I. Lindberg, Jan Teorell, David Altman, Michael Bernhard, Agnes Cornell, M. Steven Fish, Lisa Gastaldi, Haakon Gjerløw, Adam Glynn, Ana Good God, Sandra Grahn, Allen Hicken, Katrin Kinzelbach, Joshua Krusell, Kyle L. Marquardt, Kelly McMann, Valeriya Mechkova, Juraj Medzihorsky, Natalia Natsika, Anja Neundorf, Pamela Paxton, Daniel Pemstein, Josefine Pernes, Oskar Rydén, Johannes von Römer, Brigitte Seim, Rachel Sigman, Svend-Erik Skaaning, Jeffrey Staton, Aksel Sundström, Eitan Tzelgov, Yi-ting Wang, Tore Wig, Steven Wilson, and Daniel Ziblatt. 2023. V-Dem [Country-Year/Country-Date] Dataset V13: Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Project.<br></br> Brazilian Electoral Study. 2018. CESOP-IBOPE. Survey study no. 04622. https://www.cesop.unicamp.br/eng/banco_de_dados/v/4538<br></br> Brazilian Electoral Study. 2022. CESOP-QUAEST. Survey study no. 04810. https://www.cesop.unicamp.br/eng/banco_de_dados/v/4680<br></br> Superior Electoral Court (Tribunal Superior Eleitoral) of Brazil.<br></br> The Comparative Study of Electoral Systems (www.cses.org). CSES MODULE 1 FULL RELEASE [dataset]. December 15, 2015 version. doi:10.7804/cses.module1.2015-12-15<br></br> The Comparative Study of Electoral Systems (www.cses.org). CSES MODULE 2 FULL RELEASE [dataset]. December 15, 2015 version. doi:10.7804/cses.module2.2015-12-15The Comparative Study of Electoral Systems (www.cses.org). CSES MODULE 3 FULL RELEASE [dataset]. December 15, 2015 version. doi:10.7804/cses.module3.2015-12-15<br></br> The Comparative Study of Electoral Systems (www.cses.org). CSES MODULE 4 FULL RELEASE [dataset]. May 29, 2018 version. doi:10.7804/cses.module4.2018-05-29<br></br> The Comparative Study of Electoral Systems (www.cses.org). CSES MODULE 5 FULL RELEASE [dataset]. July 25, 2023 version. doi:10.7804/cses.module5.2023-07-25<br></br> Singh, Shane P. 2022. “2022 Compulsory Voting and Turnout in Brazil Survey Experiment.” Athens, GA: University of Georgia.This dataset is made available with limited information on how it can be used. You may wish to communicate with the Contact(s) specified before use.