{"@context":{"@language":"en","@vocab":"https://schema.org/","citeAs":"cr:citeAs","column":"cr:column","conformsTo":"dct:conformsTo","cr":"http://mlcommons.org/croissant/","rai":"http://mlcommons.org/croissant/RAI/","data":{"@id":"cr:data","@type":"@json"},"dataType":{"@id":"cr:dataType","@type":"@vocab"},"dct":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","examples":{"@id":"cr:examples","@type":"@json"},"extract":"cr:extract","field":"cr:field","fileProperty":"cr:fileProperty","fileObject":"cr:fileObject","fileSet":"cr:fileSet","format":"cr:format","includes":"cr:includes","isLiveDataset":"cr:isLiveDataset","jsonPath":"cr:jsonPath","key":"cr:key","md5":"cr:md5","parentField":"cr:parentField","path":"cr:path","recordSet":"cr:recordSet","references":"cr:references","regex":"cr:regex","repeated":"cr:repeated","replace":"cr:replace","sc":"https://schema.org/","separator":"cr:separator","source":"cr:source","subField":"cr:subField","transform":"cr:transform","wd":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/"},"@type":"sc:Dataset","conformsTo":"http://mlcommons.org/croissant/1.0","name":"Historical Index of Ethnic Fractionalization Dataset (HIEF)","url":"https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/4JQRCL","creator":[{"@type":"Person","givenName":"Lenka","familyName":"Drazanova","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"European University Institute"},"sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8699-1914","@id":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8699-1914","identifier":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8699-1914","name":"Drazanova, Lenka"}],"description":"The Historical Index of Ethnic Fractionalization (HIEF) dataset contains an ethnic fractionalization index for 165 countries across all continents. The dataset covers annually the period 1945-2013. The ethnic fractionalization index corresponds to the probability that two randomly drawn individuals within a country are not from the same ethnic group. The new dataset is a natural extension of previous ethnic fractionalization indices and it allows its users to compare developments in ethnic fractionalization over time. The applications of HIEF pertain to the pattern of ethnic diversity across countries and over time.","keywords":["Social Sciences","ethnic fractionalization, ethnic heterogeneity, ethnic diversity, Herfindahl Index"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0","datePublished":"2019-07-24","dateModified":"2020-09-12","includedInDataCatalog":{"@type":"DataCatalog","name":"Harvard Dataverse","url":"https://dataverse.harvard.edu"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard Dataverse"},"version":"2.0","citeAs":"@data{DVN/4JQRCL_2019,author = {Drazanova, Lenka},publisher = {Harvard Dataverse},title = {Historical Index of Ethnic Fractionalization Dataset (HIEF)},year = {2019},url = {https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/4JQRCL}}","distribution":[{"@type":"cr:FileObject","@id":"Drazanova_Journal of Open Humanities Data.pdf","name":"Drazanova_Journal of Open Humanities Data.pdf","encodingFormat":"application/pdf","md5":"f982f833260648c90294c3bb9b8601c9","contentSize":"1606879","description":"Dramatic changes in the ethnic composition of countries in the last decades have sparked new interest among social scientists in studying and uncovering the role of ethnic diversity on social, political and economic outcomes. Yet, most ethnic fractionalization indices used by scholars to study these effects treat ethnic heterogeneity as time-invariant, thus concealing its long-term effects. However, failing to take into account historical developments in ethnic composition might seriously hinder our understanding of their effects on social, economic, and political outcomes. This paper introduces a new dataset containing an annual ethnic fractionalization index for 162 countries across all continents in the period of 1945–2013. The Historical Index of Ethnic Fractionalization (HIEF) dataset is a natural extension of previous ethnic fractionalization indices. It offers the opportunity to study the effects of ethnic fractionalization across countries and over time. The article concludes by offering some preliminary descriptive analysis of patterns of change in ethnic fractionalization over time. 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