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Yet, recent experimental studies of candidate preferences find that citizens favor women over men candidates, with women and left-wing citizens driving aggregate preferences. This raises both theoretical and empirical puzzles. Theoretically, the underlying processes producing heterogeneous preferences across citizens’ gender and ideology remain unaddressed, and empirically, conclusions rest primarily on data from the United States and Western Europe, which raises questions about generalizability to democracies in the Global South and other regions. This paper reports the results from the most comprehensive and geographically diverse test of citizens’ preferences for women candidates to date. We fielded a conjoint candidate choice experiment with a multitude of respondent-level predispositions (e.g., gender, ideology, sexism, and gender typicality) across twenty institutionally, culturally, and economically diverse democracies (N = 14,369). 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